product-vamp/src/vamp_zero/score.cpp

#include <vamp_zero/score.hpp>

#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <limits>
#include <map>
#include <optional>
#include <string>
#include <string_view>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

#include <raylib.h>

#include <vamp_style/font.hpp>
#include <vamp_zero/color.hpp>
#include <vamp_zero/parse.hpp>
#include <vamp_zero/score_metrics.hpp>


namespace {

constexpr auto whole_note_ticks = std::int64_t{16384};
constexpr auto half_note_ticks = std::int64_t{8192};
constexpr auto quarter_note_ticks = std::int64_t{4096};
constexpr auto eighth_note_ticks = std::int64_t{2048};

enum class duration_base {
  MAXIMA,
  LONG,
  BREVE,
  WHOLE,
  HALF,
  QUARTER,
  EIGHTH,
  SIXTEENTH,
  THIRTY_SECOND,
  SIXTY_FOURTH,
  ONE_TWENTY_EIGHTH,
  TWO_FIFTY_SIXTH,
  FIVE_TWELFTH,
  TEN_TWENTY_FOURTH,
};

struct duration_shape {
  duration_base base{duration_base::QUARTER};
  std::int32_t dots{};
  std::int64_t ticks{quarter_note_ticks};
};

struct smufl_box {
  std::float32_t west{};
  std::float32_t south{};
  std::float32_t east{};
  std::float32_t north{};
};

struct smufl_anchor {
  std::float32_t x{};
  std::float32_t y{};
};

struct key_signature_position {
  std::char_t letter{};
  std::int32_t octave{};
};

constexpr auto glyph_g_clef = std::int32_t{0xe050};
constexpr auto glyph_f_clef = std::int32_t{0xe062};
constexpr auto glyph_notehead_whole = std::int32_t{0xe0a2};
constexpr auto glyph_notehead_half = std::int32_t{0xe0a3};
constexpr auto glyph_notehead_black = std::int32_t{0xe0a4};
constexpr auto glyph_notehead_slash = std::int32_t{0xe101};
constexpr auto glyph_rest_whole = std::int32_t{0xe4e3};
constexpr auto glyph_rest_half = std::int32_t{0xe4e4};
constexpr auto glyph_rest_quarter = std::int32_t{0xe4e5};
constexpr auto glyph_rest_eighth = std::int32_t{0xe4e6};
constexpr auto glyph_flag_eighth_up = std::int32_t{0xe240};
constexpr auto glyph_flag_eighth_down = std::int32_t{0xe241};
constexpr auto glyph_augmentation_dot = std::int32_t{0xe1e7};
constexpr auto glyph_accidental_flat = std::int32_t{0xe260};
constexpr auto glyph_accidental_natural = std::int32_t{0xe261};
constexpr auto glyph_accidental_sharp = std::int32_t{0xe262};
constexpr auto glyph_time_sig_0 = std::int32_t{0xe080};

constexpr auto invalid_layout_index = std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max();
constexpr auto staff_line_thickness_spaces = std::float32_t{0.13F};
constexpr auto stem_thickness_spaces = std::float32_t{0.12F};
constexpr auto beam_thickness_spaces = std::float32_t{0.50F};
constexpr auto ledger_line_thickness_spaces = std::float32_t{0.16F};
constexpr auto ledger_line_extension_spaces = std::float32_t{0.40F};
constexpr auto thin_barline_thickness_spaces = std::float32_t{0.16F};
constexpr auto thick_barline_thickness_spaces = std::float32_t{0.50F};
constexpr auto tie_thickness_spaces = std::float32_t{0.13F};
constexpr auto normal_stem_length_spaces = std::float32_t{3.50F};
constexpr auto clef_vertical_correction_spaces = std::float32_t{1.00F};
constexpr auto key_signature_vertical_correction_spaces = std::float32_t{0.50F};
constexpr auto time_signature_vertical_correction_spaces = std::float32_t{0.50F};
constexpr auto stem_head_horizontal_overlap_spaces = std::float32_t{0.20F};
constexpr auto stem_head_vertical_overlap_spaces = std::float32_t{0.45F};
constexpr auto measure_right_guard_spaces = std::float32_t{2.05F};
constexpr auto chord_above_staff_spaces = std::float32_t{3.65F};
constexpr auto chord_clearance_spaces = std::float32_t{0.45F};
constexpr auto lyric_below_staff_spaces = std::float32_t{6.15F};
constexpr auto lyric_clearance_spaces = std::float32_t{0.75F};
constexpr auto tie_endpoint_gap_spaces = std::float32_t{0.28F};
constexpr auto tie_note_offset_spaces = std::float32_t{0.50F};
constexpr auto tie_arch_spaces = std::float32_t{0.72F};

auto to_raylib(luma::color color) -> Color {
  return {
    .r = color.r,
    .g = color.g,
    .b = color.b,
    .a = color.a,
  };
}

auto encode_utf8(std::int32_t codepoint) -> std::string {
  auto output = std::string{};
  if (codepoint <= 0x7f) {
    output.push_back(static_cast<std::char_t>(codepoint));
  } else if (codepoint <= 0x7ff) {
    output.push_back(static_cast<std::char_t>(0xc0 | ((codepoint >> 6) & 0x1f)));
    output.push_back(static_cast<std::char_t>(0x80 | (codepoint & 0x3f)));
  } else if (codepoint <= 0xffff) {
    output.push_back(static_cast<std::char_t>(0xe0 | ((codepoint >> 12) & 0x0f)));
    output.push_back(static_cast<std::char_t>(0x80 | ((codepoint >> 6) & 0x3f)));
    output.push_back(static_cast<std::char_t>(0x80 | (codepoint & 0x3f)));
  } else {
    output.push_back(static_cast<std::char_t>(0xf0 | ((codepoint >> 18) & 0x07)));
    output.push_back(static_cast<std::char_t>(0x80 | ((codepoint >> 12) & 0x3f)));
    output.push_back(static_cast<std::char_t>(0x80 | ((codepoint >> 6) & 0x3f)));
    output.push_back(static_cast<std::char_t>(0x80 | (codepoint & 0x3f)));
  }
  return output;
}

auto music_font(std::float32_t size) -> Font {
  auto const key = std::max(std::int32_t{1}, static_cast<std::int32_t>(std::ceil(size)));
  static auto fonts = std::unordered_map<std::int32_t, Font>{};
  if (auto found = fonts.find(key); found != fonts.end()) {
    return found->second;
  }
  auto codepoints = std::vector<std::int32_t>{};
  for (auto const &glyph : vamp_zero::font_data::glyphs) {
    codepoints.push_back(glyph.codepoint);
  }
  auto path = std::string{vamp_style::score_music_font_path};
  auto loaded = LoadFontEx(path.c_str(), key, codepoints.data(), static_cast<std::int32_t>(codepoints.size()));
  if (loaded.texture.id == 0) {
    return GetFontDefault();
  }
  auto inserted = fonts.emplace(key, loaded);
  return inserted.first->second;
}

auto glyph_box(std::int32_t codepoint) -> smufl_box {
  auto const &glyphs = vamp_zero::font_data::glyphs;
  auto found = std::lower_bound(
    glyphs.begin(), glyphs.end(), codepoint, [](auto const &g, std::int32_t value) { return g.codepoint < value; });
  if (found == glyphs.end() || found->codepoint != codepoint) {
    return {};
  }
  return {found->bounds[0], found->bounds[1], found->bounds[2], found->bounds[3]};
}

auto glyph_center_x(std::int32_t codepoint) -> std::float32_t {
  auto box = glyph_box(codepoint);
  return (box.west + box.east) * 0.5F;
}

auto glyph_center_y(std::int32_t codepoint) -> std::float32_t {
  auto box = glyph_box(codepoint);
  return (box.south + box.north) * 0.5F;
}

auto glyph_width(std::int32_t codepoint, std::float32_t staff_spacing) -> std::float32_t {
  auto box = glyph_box(codepoint);
  return (box.east - box.west) * staff_spacing;
}

auto glyph_bounds(std::int32_t codepoint, luma::point origin, std::float32_t staff_spacing) -> luma::rect {
  auto box = glyph_box(codepoint);
  return {
    .x = origin.x + box.west * staff_spacing,
    .y = origin.y - box.north * staff_spacing,
    .width = (box.east - box.west) * staff_spacing,
    .height = (box.north - box.south) * staff_spacing,
  };
}

auto scaled(std::float32_t staff_spaces, std::float32_t staff_spacing) -> std::float32_t {
  return staff_spaces * staff_spacing;
}

auto at_least_one_pixel(std::float32_t value) -> std::float32_t {
  return std::max(std::float32_t{1.0F}, value);
}

auto score_paper() -> luma::color {
  return {.r = 7, .g = 9, .b = 9, .a = 255};
}

auto score_border() -> luma::color {
  return {.r = 43, .g = 53, .b = 51, .a = 255};
}

auto score_ink() -> luma::color {
  return {.r = 239, .g = 242, .b = 234, .a = 255};
}

auto score_staff_ink() -> luma::color {
  return {.r = 110, .g = 122, .b = 117, .a = 255};
}

auto score_muted_ink() -> luma::color {
  return {.r = 143, .g = 155, .b = 150, .a = 255};
}

auto score_accent_ink() -> luma::color {
  return {.r = 77, .g = 148, .b = 158, .a = 255};
}

auto add_item(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item item) -> void {
  layout.items.push_back(std::move(item));
}

auto add_fill_rect(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role role, luma::rect bounds, luma::color color) -> void {
  add_item(layout,
           {
             .kind = vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::FILL_RECT,
             .role = role,
             .bounds = bounds,
             .color = color,
           });
}

auto add_stroke_rect(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role role, luma::rect bounds, std::float32_t thickness, luma::color color) -> void {
  add_item(layout,
           {
             .kind = vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::STROKE_RECT,
             .role = role,
             .bounds = bounds,
             .color = color,
             .thickness = thickness,
           });
}

auto add_stroke_line(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role role, luma::point from, luma::point to, std::float32_t thickness, luma::color color, std::size_t system_index = invalid_layout_index, std::size_t measure_index = invalid_layout_index, std::size_t note_index = invalid_layout_index) -> void {
  add_item(layout,
           {
             .kind = vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::STROKE_LINE,
             .role = role,
             .bounds =
               {
                 .x = std::min(from.x, to.x),
                 .y = std::min(from.y, to.y),
                 .width = std::abs(to.x - from.x),
                 .height = std::abs(to.y - from.y),
               },
             .from = from,
             .to = to,
             .color = color,
             .thickness = thickness,
             .system_index = system_index,
             .measure_index = measure_index,
             .note_index = note_index,
           });
}

auto add_curve(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role role, luma::point from, luma::point control, luma::point to, std::float32_t thickness, luma::color color, std::size_t system_index, std::size_t measure_index, std::size_t note_index) -> void {
  add_item(layout,
           {
             .kind = vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::CURVE,
             .role = role,
             .bounds =
               {
                 .x = std::min({from.x, control.x, to.x}),
                 .y = std::min({from.y, control.y, to.y}),
                 .width = std::max({from.x, control.x, to.x}) - std::min({from.x, control.x, to.x}),
                 .height = std::max({from.y, control.y, to.y}) - std::min({from.y, control.y, to.y}),
               },
             .from = from,
             .control = control,
             .to = to,
             .color = color,
             .thickness = thickness,
             .system_index = system_index,
             .measure_index = measure_index,
             .note_index = note_index,
           });
}

auto add_glyph(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role role, std::int32_t codepoint, luma::point origin, std::float32_t staff_spacing, luma::color color, std::size_t system_index = invalid_layout_index, std::size_t measure_index = invalid_layout_index, std::size_t note_index = invalid_layout_index) -> void {
  add_item(layout,
           {
             .kind = vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::GLYPH,
             .role = role,
             .bounds = glyph_bounds(codepoint, origin, staff_spacing),
             .origin = origin,
             .color = color,
             .staff_spacing = staff_spacing,
             .codepoint = codepoint,
             .system_index = system_index,
             .measure_index = measure_index,
             .note_index = note_index,
           });
}

auto origin_for_left_baseline(std::int32_t codepoint, std::float32_t left_x, std::float32_t baseline_y, std::float32_t staff_spacing) -> luma::point {
  auto box = glyph_box(codepoint);
  return {
    .x = left_x - box.west * staff_spacing,
    .y = baseline_y,
  };
}

auto draw_music_origin(std::int32_t codepoint, luma::point origin, std::float32_t staff_spacing, luma::color color) -> void {
  auto font_size = staff_spacing * 4.0F;
  auto font = music_font(font_size);
  auto glyph = GetGlyphInfo(font, codepoint);
  auto scale = font_size / std::max(std::float32_t{1.0F}, static_cast<std::float32_t>(font.baseSize));
  auto box = glyph_box(codepoint);
  auto screen_left = origin.x + box.west * staff_spacing;
  auto screen_top = origin.y - box.north * staff_spacing;
  auto draw_x = screen_left - static_cast<std::float32_t>(glyph.offsetX) * scale +
                static_cast<std::float32_t>(font.glyphPadding) * scale;
  auto draw_y = screen_top - static_cast<std::float32_t>(glyph.offsetY) * scale +
                static_cast<std::float32_t>(font.glyphPadding) * scale;
  auto text = encode_utf8(codepoint);
  DrawTextEx(font,
             text.c_str(),
             {static_cast<float>(draw_x), static_cast<float>(draw_y)},
             static_cast<float>(font_size),
             0.0F,
             to_raylib(color));
}

auto origin_for_centered_baseline(std::int32_t codepoint, std::float32_t center_x, std::float32_t baseline_y, std::float32_t staff_spacing) -> luma::point {
  return {
    .x = center_x - glyph_center_x(codepoint) * staff_spacing,
    .y = baseline_y,
  };
}

auto anchor_point(luma::point origin, smufl_anchor anchor, std::float32_t staff_spacing) -> luma::point {
  return {
    .x = origin.x + anchor.x * staff_spacing,
    .y = origin.y - anchor.y * staff_spacing,
  };
}

auto stem_up_anchor(std::int32_t notehead) -> smufl_anchor {
  switch (notehead) {
  case glyph_notehead_half:
    return {.x = 1.312F, .y = 0.284F};
  case glyph_notehead_slash:
    return {.x = 1.952F, .y = 0.884F};
  case glyph_notehead_black:
  default:
    return {.x = 1.336F, .y = 0.288F};
  }
}

auto stem_down_anchor(std::int32_t notehead) -> smufl_anchor {
  switch (notehead) {
  case glyph_notehead_half:
    return {.x = 0.0F, .y = -0.252F};
  case glyph_notehead_slash:
    return {.x = 0.0F, .y = -0.928F};
  case glyph_notehead_black:
  default:
    return {.x = 0.0F, .y = -0.236F};
  }
}

auto text_style(std::int32_t scale) -> luma::text_style {
  auto size = 14.0F;
  if (scale == 2) {
    size = 22.0F;
  } else if (scale >= 3) {
    size = 30.0F;
  }
  return {
    .font = std::string{vamp_style::score_text_font_path},
    .size = size,
    .line_height = size + 5.0F,
  };
}

auto text_line_height(std::int32_t scale) -> std::float32_t {
  return text_style(scale).line_height;
}

auto add_text(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role role, std::float32_t x, std::float32_t y, std::string text, std::int32_t scale, luma::color color, std::float32_t max_width, std::size_t system_index = invalid_layout_index, std::size_t measure_index = invalid_layout_index, std::size_t note_index = invalid_layout_index) -> void {
  if (text.empty() || max_width <= 0.0F) {
    return;
  }
  add_item(layout,
           {
             .kind = vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::TEXT,
             .role = role,
             .bounds = {.x = x, .y = y, .width = max_width, .height = text_line_height(scale)},
             .origin = {.x = x, .y = y},
             .color = color,
             .text_scale = scale,
             .system_index = system_index,
             .measure_index = measure_index,
             .note_index = note_index,
             .text = std::move(text),
           });
}

auto duration_for(vamp_zero::score_written_duration const &written, double fallback_ticks = 4096.0) -> duration_shape {
  constexpr auto names = std::array<std::string_view, 14>{"maxima",
                                                          "long",
                                                          "breve",
                                                          "whole",
                                                          "half",
                                                          "quarter",
                                                          "eighth",
                                                          "16th",
                                                          "32nd",
                                                          "64th",
                                                          "128th",
                                                          "256th",
                                                          "512th",
                                                          "1024th"};
  auto found = std::find(names.begin(), names.end(), written.type);
  if (found != names.end()) {
    return {.base = static_cast<duration_base>(found - names.begin()), .dots = written.dots};
  }
  // Directly constructed layout documents use the same exact written-value lookup.
  for (auto index = std::size_t{}; index < names.size(); ++index) {
    for (auto dots = std::int32_t{}; dots <= 16; ++dots) {
      if (std::abs(fallback_ticks - std::ldexp(131072.0, -static_cast<std::int32_t>(index)) * (2.0 - std::ldexp(1.0, -dots))) < 0.00001) {
        return {.base = static_cast<duration_base>(index), .dots = dots};
      }
    }
  }
  return {};
}

auto spacing_ticks(vamp_zero::score_note const &note) -> double {
  return note.duration_ticks;
}

auto measure_ticks(vamp_zero::score_measure const &measure) -> double {
  if (measure.duration.numerator > 0) {
    return measure.duration.quarters() * 4096.0;
  }
  auto total = 0.0;
  for (auto const &note : measure.notes) {
    total += spacing_ticks(note);
  }
  return std::max(1.0, total);
}

auto has_stem(duration_shape duration) -> std::bool_t {
  return duration.base == duration_base::LONG || duration.base == duration_base::MAXIMA ||
         duration.base >= duration_base::HALF;
}

auto flag_count(duration_shape duration) -> std::int32_t {
  return std::max(
    std::int32_t{}, static_cast<std::int32_t>(duration.base) - static_cast<std::int32_t>(duration_base::QUARTER));
}

auto has_flag(duration_shape duration) -> std::bool_t {
  return flag_count(duration) > 0;
}

auto letter_index(std::char_t letter) -> std::int32_t {
  switch (letter) {
  case 'c':
  case 'C':
    return 0;
  case 'd':
  case 'D':
    return 1;
  case 'e':
  case 'E':
    return 2;
  case 'f':
  case 'F':
    return 3;
  case 'g':
  case 'G':
    return 4;
  case 'a':
  case 'A':
    return 5;
  case 'b':
  case 'B':
    return 6;
  default:
    return 0;
  }
}

auto normalized_clef(std::string_view clef) -> std::string {
  auto value = std::string{clef};
  for (auto &ch : value) {
    if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z') {
      ch = static_cast<std::char_t>(ch + ('a' - 'A'));
    }
  }
  return value;
}

auto clef_octave(std::string_view clef) -> std::int32_t {
  if (clef.size() < 5 || clef[1] != ':' || clef[3] != ':') {
    return 0;
  }
  auto octave = vamp_zero::parse_integer<std::int32_t>(clef.substr(4), "clef octave");
  if (!octave || *octave < -3 || *octave > 3) {
    return 0;
  }
  return *octave;
}

auto clef_bottom_line_pitch_index(std::string_view clef) -> std::int32_t {
  if (clef.size() >= 5 && clef[1] == ':') {
    auto line = clef[2] - '0';
    auto octave = clef_octave(clef);
    auto anchor = clef[0] == 'F' ? 3 * 7 + 3 : clef[0] == 'C' ? 4 * 7
                                                              : 4 * 7 + 4;
    return anchor + octave * 7 - 2 * (line - 1);
  }
  auto name = normalized_clef(clef);
  if (name == "bass" || name == "f") {
    return 2 * 7 + letter_index('g');
  }
  return 4 * 7 + letter_index('e');
}

auto pitch_y(vamp_zero::score_pitch const &pitch, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t staff_spacing, std::string_view clef) -> std::float32_t {
  auto pitch_index = pitch.octave * 7 + letter_index(pitch.letter);
  auto bottom_line = staff_top + staff_spacing * 4.0F;
  return bottom_line -
         static_cast<std::float32_t>(pitch_index - clef_bottom_line_pitch_index(clef)) * (staff_spacing * 0.5F);
}

auto accidental_glyph(vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark mark) -> std::optional<std::int32_t> {
  switch (mark) {
  case vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::FLAT:
    return glyph_accidental_flat;
  case vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::NATURAL:
    return glyph_accidental_natural;
  case vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::SHARP:
    return glyph_accidental_sharp;
  case vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::DOUBLE_FLAT:
    return 0xe264;
  case vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::DOUBLE_SHARP:
    return 0xe263;
  case vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::TRIPLE_FLAT:
    return 0xe266;
  case vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::TRIPLE_SHARP:
    return 0xe265;
  case vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::NONE:
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  return std::nullopt;
}

auto normalized_letter(std::char_t letter) -> std::char_t {
  if (letter >= 'A' && letter <= 'Z') {
    return static_cast<std::char_t>(letter + ('a' - 'A'));
  }
  return letter;
}

auto pitch_alteration(std::string_view accidental) -> std::int32_t {
  if (accidental == "##" || accidental == "double-sharp") {
    return 2;
  }
  if (accidental == "bb" || accidental == "flat-flat") {
    return -2;
  }
  if (accidental == "###") {
    return 3;
  }
  if (accidental == "bbb") {
    return -3;
  }
  if (accidental == "#" || accidental == "sharp") {
    return 1;
  }
  if (accidental == "b" || accidental == "flat") {
    return -1;
  }
  return 0;
}

auto alteration_mark(std::int32_t alteration) -> vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark {
  if (alteration == -3) {
    return vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::TRIPLE_FLAT;
  }
  if (alteration == 3) {
    return vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::TRIPLE_SHARP;
  }
  if (alteration == -2) {
    return vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::DOUBLE_FLAT;
  }
  if (alteration == 2) {
    return vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::DOUBLE_SHARP;
  }
  if (alteration < 0) {
    return vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::FLAT;
  }
  if (alteration > 0) {
    return vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::SHARP;
  }
  return vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::NATURAL;
}

auto normalized_key(std::string_view key_signature) -> std::string {
  auto key = std::string{key_signature};
  key.erase(std::remove(key.begin(), key.end(), ' '), key.end());
  if (key.empty()) {
    return "C";
  }
  key.front() =
    static_cast<std::char_t>(key.front() >= 'a' && key.front() <= 'z' ? key.front() - ('a' - 'A') : key.front());
  for (auto index = std::size_t{1}; index < key.size(); ++index) {
    if (key[index] >= 'A' && key[index] <= 'Z') {
      key[index] = static_cast<std::char_t>(key[index] + ('a' - 'A'));
    }
  }
  return key;
}

auto key_signature_count(std::string_view key_signature) -> std::int32_t {
  auto key = normalized_key(key_signature);
  if (key == "C") {
    return 0;
  }
  if (key == "G") {
    return 1;
  }
  if (key == "D") {
    return 2;
  }
  if (key == "A") {
    return 3;
  }
  if (key == "E") {
    return 4;
  }
  if (key == "B") {
    return 5;
  }
  if (key == "F#" || key == "Gb") {
    return key == "F#" ? 6 : -6;
  }
  if (key == "C#") {
    return 7;
  }
  if (key == "F") {
    return -1;
  }
  if (key == "Bb") {
    return -2;
  }
  if (key == "Eb") {
    return -3;
  }
  if (key == "Ab") {
    return -4;
  }
  if (key == "Db") {
    return -5;
  }
  if (key == "Cb") {
    return -7;
  }
  return 0;
}

auto key_signature_alterations(std::string_view key_signature) -> std::array<std::int32_t, 7> {
  auto alterations = std::array<std::int32_t, 7>{};
  constexpr auto sharp_order = std::array<std::char_t, 7>{'f', 'c', 'g', 'd', 'a', 'e', 'b'};
  constexpr auto flat_order = std::array<std::char_t, 7>{'b', 'e', 'a', 'd', 'g', 'c', 'f'};
  auto count = key_signature_count(key_signature);
  if (count > 0) {
    for (auto index = std::int32_t{}; index < count; ++index) {
      alterations[static_cast<std::size_t>(letter_index(sharp_order[static_cast<std::size_t>(index)]))] = 1;
    }
  } else if (count < 0) {
    for (auto index = std::int32_t{}; index < -count; ++index) {
      alterations[static_cast<std::size_t>(letter_index(flat_order[static_cast<std::size_t>(index)]))] = -1;
    }
  }
  return alterations;
}

struct accidental_state {
  std::array<std::int32_t, 7> key_alterations{};
  std::map<std::pair<std::int32_t, std::int32_t>, std::int32_t> measure_alterations{};
};

auto make_accidental_state(std::string_view key_signature) -> accidental_state {
  return {
    .key_alterations = key_signature_alterations(key_signature),
  };
}

auto notated_accidental_for_pitch(accidental_state &state, vamp_zero::score_pitch const &pitch, std::bool_t tied_from_previous) -> vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark {
  if (tied_from_previous && !pitch.explicit_accidental) {
    return vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::NONE;
  }
  auto const letter = letter_index(normalized_letter(pitch.letter));
  auto const desired = pitch.alteration.value_or(pitch_alteration(pitch.accidental));
  auto const key = std::pair{letter, pitch.octave};
  auto const found = state.measure_alterations.find(key);
  auto const current =
    found == state.measure_alterations.end() ? state.key_alterations[static_cast<std::size_t>(letter)] : found->second;
  if (desired == current && !pitch.explicit_accidental) {
    return vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::NONE;
  }
  state.measure_alterations[key] = desired;
  return alteration_mark(desired);
}

auto notated_accidentals_for_note(accidental_state &state, vamp_zero::score_note const &note, std::bool_t slash) -> std::vector<vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark> {
  auto marks = std::vector<vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark>{};
  if (note.hidden || note.kind == "rest" || slash) {
    return marks;
  }
  marks.reserve(note.pitches.size());
  for (auto const &pitch : note.pitches) {
    marks.push_back(notated_accidental_for_pitch(state, pitch, !pitch.tie_from.empty() || (pitch.id.empty() && note.tie_from_previous)));
  }
  return marks;
}

auto effective_key_signature(vamp_zero::score_document const &score, vamp_zero::score_measure const &measure) -> std::string_view {
  if (!measure.key_signature.empty()) {
    return measure.key_signature;
  }
  if (!score.key_signature.empty()) {
    return score.key_signature;
  }
  return "C";
}

auto effective_time_signature(vamp_zero::score_document const &score, vamp_zero::score_measure const *measure) -> std::string_view {
  if (measure != nullptr && !measure->time_signature.empty()) {
    return measure->time_signature;
  }
  if (!score.time_signature.empty()) {
    return score.time_signature;
  }
  return "4/4";
}

auto notation_state_changes_before(vamp_zero::score_document const &score, std::size_t measure_index) -> std::bool_t {
  if (measure_index == 0U || measure_index >= score.measures.size()) {
    return false;
  }
  auto const &previous = score.measures[measure_index - 1U];
  auto const &current = score.measures[measure_index];
  return effective_key_signature(score, previous) != effective_key_signature(score, current) ||
         effective_time_signature(score, &previous) != effective_time_signature(score, &current) ||
         previous.clef != current.clef || previous.key_alterations != current.key_alterations;
}

auto event_width(vamp_zero::score_note const &note) -> float {
  if (note.hidden) {
    return 8.0F;
  }
  auto accidentals = std::count_if(note.pitches.begin(), note.pitches.end(), [](auto const &p) {
    return p.alteration.value_or(pitch_alteration(p.accidental)) != 0 || p.explicit_accidental;
  });
  return 30.0F + 12.0F * std::min<std::size_t>(3, accidentals) + note.written.dots * 8.0F +
         std::max(0.0F, static_cast<float>(note.lyric.size()) * 7 - 30);
}

auto attribute_width(vamp_zero::score_attribute const &a) -> float {
  auto result = a.clef.empty() ? 0.0F : 45.0F;
  if (a.key_alterations) {
    result += 35.0F + 22.0F * std::count_if(a.key_alterations->begin(), a.key_alterations->end(), [](std::int32_t v) {
                        return v != 0;
                      });
  }
  if (!a.time_signature.empty()) {
    result += 50.0F;
  }
  return result;
}

auto measure_width(vamp_zero::score_measure const &measure) -> float {
  auto width = 45.0F;
  for (auto const &note : measure.notes) {
    width += event_width(note);
  }
  auto harmony_width = 45.0F;
  for (auto const &h : measure.harmonies) {
    harmony_width += static_cast<float>(h.symbol.size()) * 14 + 16;
  }
  for (auto const &a : measure.attributes) {
    width += attribute_width(a);
  }
  return std::max({150.0F, width, harmony_width});
}

auto make_score_system_ranges(vamp_zero::score_document const &score) -> std::vector<vamp_zero::score_system_range> {
  auto ranges = std::vector<vamp_zero::score_system_range>{};
  if (score.measures.empty()) {
    return ranges;
  }
  auto current = vamp_zero::score_system_range{.first_measure = 0U, .measure_count = 0U};
  auto used_width = 0.0F;
  for (auto measure_index = std::size_t{}; measure_index < score.measures.size(); ++measure_index) {
    auto const &measure = score.measures[measure_index];
    auto width = measure_width(measure);
    if (current.measure_count != 0U &&
        (current.measure_count >= vamp_zero::score_measures_per_system || used_width + width > 760.0F ||
         notation_state_changes_before(score, measure_index))) {
      ranges.push_back(current);
      current = vamp_zero::score_system_range{.first_measure = measure_index, .measure_count = 0U};
      used_width = 0;
    }
    if (width > 760.0F && measure.notes.size() > 1) {
      auto first = std::size_t{};
      while (first < measure.notes.size()) {
        auto end = first;
        auto fragment_width = 45.0F;
        while (
          end < measure.notes.size() && (end == first || fragment_width + event_width(measure.notes[end]) <= 660.0F)) {
          fragment_width += event_width(measure.notes[end]);
          ++end;
        }
        // Keep an attached grace group with its metric anchor.
        while (end < measure.notes.size() && measure.notes[end - 1].grace) {
          ++end;
        }
        ranges.push_back(
          {.first_measure = measure_index, .measure_count = 1, .first_note = first, .note_count = end - first});
        first = end;
      }
      current = {.first_measure = measure_index + 1};
      used_width = 0;
      continue;
    }
    ++current.measure_count;
    used_width += width;
  }
  if (current.measure_count != 0U) {
    ranges.push_back(current);
  }
  return ranges;
}

auto show_time_signature_for_system(vamp_zero::score_document const &score, vamp_zero::score_system_range const &range) -> std::bool_t {
  if (range.first_measure == 0U) {
    return true;
  }
  return notation_state_changes_before(score, range.first_measure) &&
         effective_time_signature(score, &score.measures[range.first_measure - 1U]) !=
           effective_time_signature(score, &score.measures[range.first_measure]);
}

struct system_metrics {
  float above{5.5F};
  float below{6.0F};
  auto height() const -> float {
    return (above + below) * 12.0F;
  }
};

auto metrics_for(vamp_zero::score_document const &score, vamp_zero::score_system_range const &range) -> system_metrics {
  auto result = system_metrics{};
  for (auto mi = range.first_measure; mi < range.first_measure + range.measure_count; ++mi) {
    auto const &measure = score.measures[mi];
    if (!measure.section_label.empty()) {
      result.above = std::max(result.above, 9.0F);
    }
    auto end = range.first_note + std::min(range.note_count, measure.notes.size() - range.first_note);
    auto depth = std::int32_t{};
    for (auto const &t : measure.tuplets) {
      depth = std::max(depth, t.depth + 1);
    }
    for (auto ni = range.first_note; ni < end; ++ni) {
      auto const &n = measure.notes[ni];
      if (n.hidden) {
        continue;
      }
      for (auto p : n.pitches) {
        p.octave += n.display_octaves;
        auto y = pitch_y(p, 0, 1, n.clef.empty() ? score.clef : n.clef);
        result.above = std::max(result.above, -y + 4.0F + depth * 1.25F + (measure.harmonies.empty() ? 0.0F : 2.0F) + (measure.section_label.empty() ? 0.0F : 3.5F));
        result.below = std::max(result.below, y + 4.0F + (n.lyric.empty() ? 0.0F : 2.0F));
      }
    }
  }
  return result;
}

auto page_starts(vamp_zero::score_document const &score, std::vector<vamp_zero::score_system_range> const &ranges) -> std::vector<std::size_t> {
  auto starts = std::vector<std::size_t>{0};
  auto height = 0.0F;
  for (auto i = std::size_t{}; i < ranges.size(); ++i) {
    auto next = std::min(376.0F, metrics_for(score, ranges[i]).height());
    if (i > starts.back() && (height + next > 376.0F || i - starts.back() == vamp_zero::score_systems_per_page)) {
      starts.push_back(i);
      height = 0;
    }
    height += next;
  }
  return starts;
}

auto draw_curve(luma::draw_context &context, luma::point start, luma::point control, luma::point end, std::float32_t thickness, luma::color color) -> void {
  constexpr auto segments = std::int32_t{10};
  auto previous = start;
  for (auto index = std::int32_t{1}; index <= segments; ++index) {
    auto t = static_cast<std::float32_t>(index) / static_cast<std::float32_t>(segments);
    auto omt = 1.0F - t;
    auto current = luma::point{
      .x = omt * omt * start.x + 2.0F * omt * t * control.x + t * t * end.x,
      .y = omt * omt * start.y + 2.0F * omt * t * control.y + t * t * end.y,
    };
    context.stroke_line(previous, current, thickness, color);
    previous = current;
  }
}

struct notehead_layout {
  std::size_t source_pitch_index{};
  std::int32_t codepoint{};
  std::float32_t center_x{};
  std::float32_t center_y{};
  luma::point origin{};
  luma::rect bounds{};
  vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark accidental{vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::NONE};
  std::bool_t displaced{};
};

struct note_layout {
  vamp_zero::score_note const *source{};
  std::size_t note_index{};
  double elapsed_ticks{};
  double duration_ticks{};
  duration_shape duration{};
  std::int32_t notehead{};
  std::bool_t hidden{};
  std::bool_t rest{};
  std::bool_t slash{};
  std::bool_t stem_up{true};
  std::bool_t beamed{};
  std::size_t beam_group_index{invalid_layout_index};
  std::float32_t x{};
  std::float32_t low_y{};
  std::float32_t high_y{};
  std::float32_t visual_left{};
  std::float32_t visual_right{};
  std::float32_t visual_top{};
  std::float32_t visual_bottom{};
  std::float32_t stem_x{};
  std::float32_t stem_base_y{};
  std::float32_t stem_tip_y{};
  std::vector<notehead_layout> heads{};
  float size{1.0F};
  float leading_space{};
};

struct beam_group_layout {
  std::size_t index{};
  std::size_t first_note{};
  std::size_t last_note{};
  std::bool_t stem_up{true};
  std::float32_t beam_y{};
};

struct laid_out_tie_head {
  vamp_zero::score_pitch pitch{};
  luma::rect bounds{};
  std::float32_t center_y{};
};

struct laid_out_note_ref {
  std::size_t system_index{};
  std::size_t measure_index{};
  std::size_t note_index{};
  luma::rect notation_bounds{};
  std::bool_t stem_up{true};
  std::vector<laid_out_tie_head> heads{};
};

struct laid_out_measure_ref {
  std::size_t measure_index{};
  luma::rect notation_bounds{};
};

auto layout_staff(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, std::float32_t x, std::float32_t y, std::float32_t width, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system_index) -> void {
  for (auto line = std::int32_t{}; line < 5; ++line) {
    auto yy = y + static_cast<std::float32_t>(line) * spacing;
    add_stroke_line(layout,
                    vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::STAFF_LINE,
                    {.x = x, .y = yy},
                    {.x = x + width, .y = yy},
                    at_least_one_pixel(scaled(staff_line_thickness_spaces, spacing)),
                    score_staff_ink(),
                    system_index);
  }
}

auto layout_clef(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, std::string_view clef, std::float32_t x, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system_index) -> std::float32_t {
  auto name = normalized_clef(clef);
  auto codepoint = name == "bass" || name == "f" || name.starts_with("f:") ? glyph_f_clef
                   : name.starts_with("c:")                                ? 0xe05c
                                                                           : glyph_g_clef;
  auto reference_pitch = codepoint == glyph_f_clef ? vamp_zero::score_pitch{.letter = 'f', .octave = 3}
                                                   : vamp_zero::score_pitch{.letter = 'g', .octave = 4};
  auto baseline_y = clef.size() >= 5 && clef[1] == ':' ? staff_top + spacing * (5 - (clef[2] - '0'))
                                                       : pitch_y(reference_pitch, staff_top, spacing, clef);
  baseline_y += scaled(clef_vertical_correction_spaces, spacing);
  auto origin = origin_for_left_baseline(codepoint, x, baseline_y, spacing);
  add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::CLEF, codepoint, origin, spacing, score_ink(), system_index);
  if (clef.size() >= 5 && clef[1] == ':') {
    auto octave = clef_octave(clef);
    if (octave) {
      add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::CLEF, x + spacing, staff_top + spacing * (octave > 0 ? -2.5F : 5.5F), std::to_string(std::abs(octave) * 7 + 1), 1, score_ink(), spacing * 3, system_index);
    }
  }
  return glyph_width(codepoint, spacing) + spacing * 0.90F;
}

auto key_signature_pitch(std::int32_t count, std::size_t index, std::string_view clef) -> vamp_zero::score_pitch {
  constexpr auto sharp_positions = std::array<key_signature_position, 7>{{
    {.letter = 'f', .octave = 5},
    {.letter = 'c', .octave = 5},
    {.letter = 'g', .octave = 5},
    {.letter = 'd', .octave = 5},
    {.letter = 'a', .octave = 4},
    {.letter = 'e', .octave = 5},
    {.letter = 'b', .octave = 4},
  }};
  constexpr auto flat_positions = std::array<key_signature_position, 7>{{
    {.letter = 'b', .octave = 4},
    {.letter = 'e', .octave = 5},
    {.letter = 'a', .octave = 4},
    {.letter = 'd', .octave = 5},
    {.letter = 'g', .octave = 4},
    {.letter = 'c', .octave = 5},
    {.letter = 'f', .octave = 4},
  }};
  constexpr auto bass_sharp_positions = std::array<key_signature_position, 7>{{
    {.letter = 'f', .octave = 3},
    {.letter = 'c', .octave = 3},
    {.letter = 'g', .octave = 3},
    {.letter = 'd', .octave = 3},
    {.letter = 'a', .octave = 2},
    {.letter = 'e', .octave = 3},
    {.letter = 'b', .octave = 2},
  }};
  constexpr auto bass_flat_positions = std::array<key_signature_position, 7>{{
    {.letter = 'b', .octave = 2},
    {.letter = 'e', .octave = 3},
    {.letter = 'a', .octave = 2},
    {.letter = 'd', .octave = 3},
    {.letter = 'g', .octave = 2},
    {.letter = 'c', .octave = 3},
    {.letter = 'f', .octave = 2},
  }};
  auto name = normalized_clef(clef);
  auto const &positions = name == "bass" || name == "f" ? (count > 0 ? bass_sharp_positions : bass_flat_positions)
                                                        : (count > 0 ? sharp_positions : flat_positions);
  auto const position = positions[index];
  return {
    .letter = position.letter,
    .octave = position.octave,
  };
}

auto layout_key_signature(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, std::string_view clef, std::string_view key_signature, std::float32_t x, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system_index) -> std::float32_t {
  auto count = key_signature_count(key_signature);
  if (count == 0) {
    return 0.0F;
  }
  auto const glyph = count > 0 ? glyph_accidental_sharp : glyph_accidental_flat;
  auto const step = glyph_width(glyph, spacing) * (count > 0 ? 0.72F : 0.86F);
  auto current_x = x;
  auto const total = static_cast<std::size_t>(std::abs(count));
  for (auto index = std::size_t{}; index < total; ++index) {
    auto pitch = key_signature_pitch(count, index, clef);
    auto baseline_y =
      pitch_y(pitch, staff_top, spacing, clef) + scaled(key_signature_vertical_correction_spaces, spacing);
    add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::KEY_SIGNATURE, glyph, origin_for_left_baseline(glyph, current_x, baseline_y, spacing), spacing, score_ink(), system_index);
    current_x += step;
  }
  return current_x - x + spacing * 0.55F;
}

auto layout_structured_key(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, std::string_view clef, std::array<std::int32_t, 7> const &alterations, std::float32_t x, std::float32_t top, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system, std::array<std::int32_t, 7> const *previous = nullptr) -> std::float32_t {
  auto start = x;
  auto paint = [&](std::int32_t letter, std::int32_t alteration) {
    auto glyph = accidental_glyph(alteration_mark(alteration));
    if (!glyph) {
      return;
    }
    auto pitch = vamp_zero::score_pitch{.letter = "cdefgab"[letter], .octave = 4};
    while (pitch_y(pitch, top, spacing, clef) < top - spacing * 0.5F) {
      --pitch.octave;
    }
    while (pitch_y(pitch, top, spacing, clef) > top + spacing * 3.5F) {
      ++pitch.octave;
    }
    add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::KEY_SIGNATURE, *glyph, origin_for_left_baseline(*glyph, x, pitch_y(pitch, top, spacing, clef), spacing), spacing, score_ink(), system);
    x += glyph_width(*glyph, spacing) + spacing * 0.15F;
  };
  if (previous) {
    for (auto i = std::int32_t{}; i < 7; ++i) {
      if ((*previous)[i] && (*previous)[i] != alterations[i]) {
        paint(i, 0);
      }
    }
  }
  auto flats = std::any_of(alterations.begin(), alterations.end(), [](std::int32_t a) { return a < 0; });
  for (auto letter : std::string_view{flats ? "beadgcf" : "fcgdaeb"}) {
    auto index = letter_index(letter);
    if (alterations[index]) {
      paint(index, alterations[index]);
    }
  }
  return x - start + (x == start ? 0.0F : spacing * 0.55F);
}

auto time_signature_digit(std::char_t digit) -> std::optional<std::int32_t> {
  if (digit == '+') {
    return 0xe08c;
  }
  if (digit < '0' || digit > '9') {
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  return glyph_time_sig_0 + static_cast<std::int32_t>(digit - '0');
}

auto time_signature_run_width(std::string_view text, std::float32_t spacing) -> std::float32_t {
  auto width = std::float32_t{};
  for (auto digit : text) {
    auto codepoint = time_signature_digit(digit);
    if (!codepoint) {
      continue;
    }
    if (width > 0.0F) {
      width += spacing * 0.16F;
    }
    width += glyph_width(*codepoint, spacing);
  }
  return width;
}

auto layout_time_signature_run(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, std::string_view text, std::float32_t x, std::float32_t baseline_y, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system_index) -> void {
  auto current_x = x;
  for (auto digit : text) {
    auto codepoint = time_signature_digit(digit);
    if (!codepoint) {
      continue;
    }
    add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::TIME_SIGNATURE, *codepoint, origin_for_left_baseline(*codepoint, current_x, baseline_y, spacing), spacing, score_ink(), system_index);
    current_x += glyph_width(*codepoint, spacing) + spacing * 0.16F;
  }
}

auto layout_time_signature(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, std::string_view time_signature, std::float32_t x, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system_index) -> std::float32_t {
  if (time_signature == "common" || time_signature == "cut") {
    auto glyph = time_signature == "common" ? 0xe08a : 0xe08b;
    add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::TIME_SIGNATURE, glyph, origin_for_left_baseline(glyph, x, staff_top + spacing * 2.0F, spacing), spacing, score_ink(), system_index);
    return glyph_width(glyph, spacing) + spacing;
  }
  auto slash = time_signature.find('/');
  if (slash == std::string_view::npos) {
    return 0.0F;
  }
  auto group_end = time_signature.find('+', slash);
  if (group_end != std::string_view::npos) {
    auto width =
      layout_time_signature(layout, time_signature.substr(0, group_end), x, staff_top, spacing, system_index);
    layout_time_signature_run(layout, "+", x + width, staff_top + spacing * 2.0F, spacing, system_index);
    width += spacing * 2;
    return width + layout_time_signature(layout, time_signature.substr(group_end + 1), x + width, staff_top, spacing, system_index);
  }
  auto numerator = time_signature.substr(0, slash);
  auto denominator = time_signature.substr(slash + 1U);
  auto numerator_width = time_signature_run_width(numerator, spacing);
  auto denominator_width = time_signature_run_width(denominator, spacing);
  auto width = std::max(numerator_width, denominator_width);
  if (width <= 0.0F) {
    return 0.0F;
  }
  auto const vertical_correction = scaled(time_signature_vertical_correction_spaces, spacing);
  layout_time_signature_run(layout, numerator, x + (width - numerator_width) * 0.5F, staff_top + spacing * 1.5F + vertical_correction, spacing, system_index);
  layout_time_signature_run(layout, denominator, x + (width - denominator_width) * 0.5F, staff_top + spacing * 3.5F + vertical_correction, spacing, system_index);
  return width + spacing * 0.95F;
}

auto layout_system_preamble(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, vamp_zero::score_document const &score, vamp_zero::score_measure const *first_measure, std::float32_t x, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::bool_t show_time_signature, std::size_t system_index, std::size_t first_note = 0) -> std::float32_t {
  auto current_x = x + spacing * 0.35F;
  auto clef = first_measure && !first_measure->clef.empty() ? std::string_view{first_measure->clef}
                                                            : std::string_view{score.clef};
  auto key = first_measure ? first_measure->key_alterations : std::array<std::int32_t, 7>{};
  auto time = effective_time_signature(score, first_measure);
  if (first_measure && first_note > 0 && first_note < first_measure->notes.size()) {
    auto onset = first_measure->notes[first_note].onset.quarters();
    for (auto const &a : first_measure->attributes) {
      if (a.onset.quarters() < onset) {
        if (!a.clef.empty()) {
          clef = a.clef;
        }
        if (a.key_alterations) {
          key = *a.key_alterations;
        }
        if (!a.time_signature.empty()) {
          time = a.time_signature;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  current_x += layout_clef(layout, clef, current_x, staff_top, spacing, system_index);
  auto key_width = layout_key_signature(layout, clef, first_measure == nullptr ? score.key_signature : effective_key_signature(score, *first_measure), current_x, staff_top, spacing, system_index);
  if (first_measure && first_measure->structured_key) {
    // The structured key is authoritative for minor, modal, and custom signatures.
    layout.items.erase(std::remove_if(layout.items.begin(),
                                      layout.items.end(),
                                      [&](auto const &item) {
                                        return item.system_index == system_index &&
                                               item.role == vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::KEY_SIGNATURE;
                                      }),
                       layout.items.end());
    auto previous =
      first_measure > score.measures.data() && first_measure <= score.measures.data() + score.measures.size()
        ? &(first_measure - 1)->key_alterations
        : nullptr;
    key_width = layout_structured_key(layout, clef, key, current_x, staff_top, spacing, system_index, first_note ? nullptr : previous);
  }
  current_x += key_width;
  if (key_width == 0.0F) {
    current_x += spacing * 0.45F;
  }
  if (show_time_signature) {
    current_x += layout_time_signature(layout, time, current_x, staff_top, spacing, system_index);
  }
  return current_x + spacing * 0.35F;
}

auto dot_y_for(std::float32_t note_y, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing) -> std::float32_t {
  auto half_step = (note_y - staff_top) / (spacing * 0.5F);
  auto rounded = std::round(half_step);
  if (std::abs(half_step - rounded) < 0.08F && static_cast<std::int32_t>(rounded) % 2 == 0) {
    return note_y - spacing * 0.5F;
  }
  return note_y;
}

auto rest_codepoint(duration_shape duration) -> std::int32_t {
  switch (duration.base) {
  case duration_base::MAXIMA:
    return 0xe4e0;
  case duration_base::LONG:
    return 0xe4e1;
  case duration_base::BREVE:
    return 0xe4e2;
  case duration_base::WHOLE:
    return glyph_rest_whole;
  case duration_base::HALF:
    return glyph_rest_half;
  case duration_base::QUARTER:
    return glyph_rest_quarter;
  case duration_base::EIGHTH:
    return glyph_rest_eighth;
  }
  return glyph_rest_eighth + flag_count(duration) - 1;
}

auto rest_baseline_y(duration_shape duration, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing) -> std::float32_t {
  switch (duration.base) {
  case duration_base::WHOLE:
    return staff_top + spacing;
  case duration_base::HALF:
    return staff_top + spacing * 2.0F;
  case duration_base::QUARTER:
  case duration_base::EIGHTH:
    return staff_top + spacing * 2.0F;
  }
  return staff_top + spacing * 2.0F;
}

auto layout_ledger_lines(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, note_layout const &note, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system_index, std::size_t measure_index) -> void {
  auto bottom = staff_top + spacing * 4.0F;
  for (auto const &head : note.heads) {
    auto extension = scaled(ledger_line_extension_spaces, spacing);
    auto left = head.bounds.x - extension;
    auto right = head.bounds.x + head.bounds.width + extension;
    if (head.center_y < staff_top) {
      for (auto yy = staff_top - spacing; yy >= head.center_y - 0.1F; yy -= spacing) {
        add_stroke_line(layout,
                        vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::STAFF_LINE,
                        {.x = left, .y = yy},
                        {.x = right, .y = yy},
                        at_least_one_pixel(scaled(ledger_line_thickness_spaces, spacing)),
                        score_staff_ink(),
                        system_index,
                        measure_index,
                        note.note_index);
      }
    } else if (head.center_y > bottom) {
      for (auto yy = bottom + spacing; yy <= head.center_y + 0.1F; yy += spacing) {
        add_stroke_line(layout,
                        vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::STAFF_LINE,
                        {.x = left, .y = yy},
                        {.x = right, .y = yy},
                        at_least_one_pixel(scaled(ledger_line_thickness_spaces, spacing)),
                        score_staff_ink(),
                        system_index,
                        measure_index,
                        note.note_index);
      }
    }
  }
}

auto notehead_codepoint(duration_shape duration, std::bool_t slash) -> std::int32_t {
  if (slash) {
    return glyph_notehead_slash;
  }
  switch (duration.base) {
  case duration_base::MAXIMA:
    return 0xe0a0;
  case duration_base::LONG:
    return 0xe0a1;
  case duration_base::BREVE:
    return 0xe0a0;
  case duration_base::WHOLE:
    return glyph_notehead_whole;
  case duration_base::HALF:
    return glyph_notehead_half;
  case duration_base::QUARTER:
  case duration_base::EIGHTH:
    return glyph_notehead_black;
  }
  return glyph_notehead_black;
}

auto update_note_visual_extents(note_layout &note, std::float32_t spacing) -> void {
  if (note.hidden) {
    note.visual_left = note.x;
    note.visual_right = note.x;
    note.visual_top = note.low_y;
    note.visual_bottom = note.low_y;
    return;
  }
  if (note.rest) {
    auto codepoint = rest_codepoint(note.duration);
    auto origin = origin_for_centered_baseline(codepoint, note.x, note.low_y, spacing);
    auto bounds = glyph_bounds(codepoint, origin, spacing);
    note.visual_left = bounds.x;
    note.visual_right = bounds.x + bounds.width;
    note.visual_top = bounds.y;
    note.visual_bottom = bounds.y + bounds.height;
    if (note.duration.dots != 0) {
      note.visual_right += spacing * 1.35F;
    }
    return;
  }
  note.visual_left = note.heads.empty() ? note.x : note.heads.front().bounds.x;
  note.visual_right = note.heads.empty() ? note.x : note.heads.front().bounds.x + note.heads.front().bounds.width;
  note.visual_top = note.heads.empty() ? note.high_y : note.heads.front().bounds.y;
  note.visual_bottom = note.heads.empty() ? note.low_y : note.heads.front().bounds.y + note.heads.front().bounds.height;
  for (auto const &head : note.heads) {
    note.visual_left = std::min(note.visual_left, head.bounds.x);
    note.visual_right = std::max(note.visual_right, head.bounds.x + head.bounds.width);
    note.visual_top = std::min(note.visual_top, head.bounds.y);
    note.visual_bottom = std::max(note.visual_bottom, head.bounds.y + head.bounds.height);
  }
  if (note.duration.dots != 0) {
    note.visual_right += spacing * 1.40F;
  }
}

auto shift_note_x(note_layout &note, std::float32_t dx, std::float32_t spacing) -> void {
  note.x += dx;
  note.visual_left += dx;
  note.visual_right += dx;
  note.stem_x += dx;
  for (auto &head : note.heads) {
    head.center_x += dx;
    head.origin.x += dx;
    head.bounds = glyph_bounds(head.codepoint, head.origin, spacing);
  }
}

auto estimate_accidental_columns(note_layout const &note, std::float32_t spacing) -> std::size_t {
  struct column_range {
    std::float32_t top{};
    std::float32_t bottom{};
  };

  auto columns = std::vector<std::vector<column_range>>{};
  auto candidates = std::vector<column_range>{};
  for (auto const &head : note.heads) {
    auto glyph = accidental_glyph(head.accidental);
    if (!glyph) {
      continue;
    }
    auto box = glyph_box(*glyph);
    candidates.push_back({
      .top = head.center_y - box.north * spacing,
      .bottom = head.center_y - box.south * spacing,
    });
  }
  std::sort(
    candidates.begin(), candidates.end(), [](auto const &left, auto const &right) { return left.top < right.top; });
  for (auto const &candidate : candidates) {
    auto placed = std::bool_t{false};
    for (auto &column : columns) {
      auto fits = std::bool_t{true};
      for (auto const &range : column) {
        if (candidate.top < range.bottom + spacing * 0.15F && candidate.bottom + spacing * 0.15F > range.top) {
          fits = false;
          break;
        }
      }
      if (fits) {
        column.push_back(candidate);
        placed = true;
        break;
      }
    }
    if (!placed) {
      columns.push_back({candidate});
    }
  }
  return columns.size();
}

auto note_accidental_extent(note_layout const &note, std::float32_t spacing) -> std::float32_t {
  auto columns = estimate_accidental_columns(note, spacing);
  if (columns == 0U) {
    return 0.0F;
  }
  auto max_width = std::float32_t{};
  for (auto const &head : note.heads) {
    if (auto glyph = accidental_glyph(head.accidental)) {
      max_width = std::max(max_width, glyph_width(*glyph, spacing));
    }
  }
  return spacing * 0.45F + static_cast<std::float32_t>(columns) * (max_width + spacing * 0.30F);
}

auto outer_head_for_stem(note_layout const &note) -> notehead_layout const * {
  if (note.heads.empty()) {
    return nullptr;
  }
  auto const *selected = &note.heads.front();
  for (auto const &head : note.heads) {
    if (note.stem_up) {
      if (head.center_y > selected->center_y) {
        selected = &head;
      }
    } else if (head.center_y < selected->center_y) {
      selected = &head;
    }
  }
  return selected;
}

auto update_stem_geometry(note_layout &note, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing) -> void {
  if (!has_stem(note.duration) || note.heads.empty()) {
    return;
  }
  auto const *head = outer_head_for_stem(note);
  if (head == nullptr) {
    return;
  }
  auto anchor = note.stem_up ? stem_up_anchor(note.notehead) : stem_down_anchor(note.notehead);
  auto base = anchor_point(head->origin, anchor, spacing);
  auto center = staff_top + spacing * 2.0F;
  note.stem_x = note.stem_up ? base.x - scaled(stem_head_horizontal_overlap_spaces, spacing)
                             : base.x + scaled(stem_head_horizontal_overlap_spaces, spacing);
  note.stem_base_y = note.stem_up ? base.y + scaled(stem_head_vertical_overlap_spaces, spacing)
                                  : base.y - scaled(stem_head_vertical_overlap_spaces, spacing);
  note.stem_tip_y = note.stem_up ? std::min(note.high_y, center) - scaled(normal_stem_length_spaces, spacing)
                                 : std::max(note.low_y, center) + scaled(normal_stem_length_spaces, spacing);
  if (note.source->grace || note.source->cue) {
    note.stem_tip_y = head->center_y + (note.stem_up ? -1.0F : 1.0F) * spacing * 2.5F;
  }
}

auto build_note_layout(vamp_zero::score_document const &score, vamp_zero::score_note const &note, std::size_t note_index, double elapsed_ticks, double duration_ticks, std::float32_t x, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::vector<vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark> const &accidentals) -> note_layout {
  auto duration = note.measure_rest
                    ? duration_shape{.base = duration_base::WHOLE}
                    : duration_for(note.written, note.display_ticks > 0 ? note.display_ticks : note.duration_ticks);
  auto slash = note.notehead == "slash";
  auto result = note_layout{
    .source = &note,
    .note_index = note_index,
    .elapsed_ticks = elapsed_ticks,
    .duration_ticks = duration_ticks,
    .duration = duration,
    .notehead = notehead_codepoint(duration, slash),
    .hidden = note.hidden,
    .rest = note.kind == "rest",
    .slash = slash,
    .x = x,
    .low_y = staff_top + spacing * 2.0F,
    .high_y = staff_top + spacing * 2.0F,
    .visual_left = x,
    .visual_right = x,
  };
  result.size = note.grace || note.cue ? 0.65F : 1.0F;
  if (note.hidden) {
    return result;
  }
  if (note.kind == "rest") {
    update_note_visual_extents(result, spacing);
    return result;
  }
  auto center = staff_top + spacing * 2.0F;
  auto bottom = staff_top + spacing * 4.0F;
  if (slash || note.pitches.empty()) {
    auto origin = origin_for_centered_baseline(result.notehead, x, center, spacing);
    result.heads.push_back({
      .source_pitch_index = 0U,
      .codepoint = result.notehead,
      .center_x = x,
      .center_y = center,
      .origin = origin,
      .bounds = glyph_bounds(result.notehead, origin, spacing),
    });
    result.low_y = center;
    result.high_y = center;
  }
  if (!slash) {
    auto raw_heads = std::vector<notehead_layout>{};
    for (auto pitch_index = std::size_t{}; pitch_index < note.pitches.size(); ++pitch_index) {
      auto const &pitch = note.pitches[pitch_index];
      auto displayed_pitch = pitch;
      displayed_pitch.octave += note.display_octaves;
      auto yy = pitch_y(displayed_pitch, staff_top, spacing, note.clef.empty() ? score.clef : note.clef);
      result.low_y = std::max(result.low_y, yy);
      result.high_y = std::min(result.high_y, yy);
      raw_heads.push_back({
        .source_pitch_index = pitch_index,
        .codepoint =
          pitch.written.type.empty() ? result.notehead : notehead_codepoint(duration_for(pitch.written), false),
        .center_x = x,
        .center_y = yy,
        .accidental =
          pitch_index < accidentals.size() ? accidentals[pitch_index] : vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark::NONE,
      });
    }
    auto ordered = raw_heads;
    std::sort(ordered.begin(), ordered.end(), [](auto const &left, auto const &right) {
      return left.center_y > right.center_y;
    });
    auto center_by_pitch = std::vector<std::float32_t>(raw_heads.size(), x);
    auto displaced_by_pitch = std::vector<std::bool_t>(raw_heads.size(), false);
    auto right_column_x = x + glyph_width(result.notehead, spacing) * 0.72F;
    auto previous_y = std::optional<std::float32_t>{};
    auto use_right_column = std::bool_t{false};
    for (auto const &head : ordered) {
      if (previous_y && std::abs(*previous_y - head.center_y) <= spacing * 0.55F) {
        use_right_column = !use_right_column;
      } else {
        use_right_column = false;
      }
      center_by_pitch[head.source_pitch_index] = use_right_column ? right_column_x : x;
      displaced_by_pitch[head.source_pitch_index] = use_right_column;
      previous_y = head.center_y;
    }
    result.heads.reserve(raw_heads.size());
    for (auto &head : raw_heads) {
      head.center_x = center_by_pitch[head.source_pitch_index];
      head.displaced = displaced_by_pitch[head.source_pitch_index];
      head.origin = origin_for_centered_baseline(head.codepoint, head.center_x, head.center_y, spacing * result.size);
      head.bounds = glyph_bounds(head.codepoint, head.origin, spacing * result.size);
      result.heads.push_back(head);
    }
  }
  result.stem_up = note.stem == "up" || (note.stem != "down" && (result.low_y + result.high_y) * 0.5F >= center);
  update_note_visual_extents(result, spacing);
  auto accidental_extent = note_accidental_extent(result, spacing);
  if (accidental_extent > 0.0F) {
    result.visual_left -= accidental_extent;
  }
  return result;
}

auto fit_note_spacing(std::vector<note_layout> &notes, luma::rect bounds, std::float32_t spacing) -> void {
  auto previous_right = bounds.x + spacing * 0.20F;
  for (auto &note : notes) {
    if (note.hidden) {
      continue;
    }
    auto const minimum_gap = spacing * 0.05F;
    auto min_left = previous_right + minimum_gap;
    if (note.visual_left < min_left) {
      shift_note_x(note, min_left - note.visual_left, spacing);
    }
    previous_right = std::max(previous_right, note.visual_right);
  }
  if (notes.empty()) {
    return;
  }
  auto last_right = std::float32_t{};
  for (auto const &note : notes) {
    if (!note.hidden) {
      last_right = std::max(last_right, note.visual_right);
    }
  }
  auto right_limit = bounds.x + bounds.width - spacing * 0.25F;
  if (last_right <= right_limit) {
    return;
  }
  auto first_left = right_limit;
  for (auto const &note : notes) {
    if (!note.hidden) {
      first_left = std::min(first_left, note.visual_left);
    }
  }
  auto shift_left =
    std::min(last_right - right_limit, std::max(std::float32_t{0.0F}, first_left - (bounds.x + spacing * 0.20F)));
  if (shift_left <= 0.0F) {
    return;
  }
  for (auto &note : notes) {
    shift_note_x(note, -shift_left, spacing);
  }
}

auto keep_notes_inside_right_guard(std::vector<note_layout> &notes, luma::rect bounds, std::float32_t spacing) -> void {
  auto last_right = std::numeric_limits<std::float32_t>::lowest();
  for (auto const &note : notes) {
    if (!note.hidden) {
      last_right = std::max(last_right, note.visual_right);
    }
  }
  auto const right_limit = bounds.x + bounds.width - spacing * 0.25F;
  if (last_right <= right_limit) {
    return;
  }
  for (auto &note : notes) {
    if (!note.hidden) {
      shift_note_x(note, right_limit - last_right, spacing);
    }
  }
}

auto eligible_for_beam(note_layout const &note) -> std::bool_t {
  return !note.hidden && !note.rest && has_stem(note.duration) && has_flag(note.duration) && !note.source->grace;
}

auto update_beam_group_geometry(std::vector<note_layout> &notes, beam_group_layout &group, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing) -> void {
  auto center_sum = std::float32_t{};
  auto count = std::size_t{};
  for (auto index = group.first_note; index <= group.last_note; ++index) {
    if (!eligible_for_beam(notes[index])) {
      continue;
    }
    center_sum += (notes[index].low_y + notes[index].high_y) * 0.5F;
    ++count;
  }
  auto staff_center = staff_top + spacing * 2.0F;
  group.stem_up = count == 0U || center_sum / static_cast<std::float32_t>(count) >= staff_center;
  group.beam_y =
    group.stem_up ? std::numeric_limits<std::float32_t>::max() : std::numeric_limits<std::float32_t>::lowest();
  for (auto index = group.first_note; index <= group.last_note; ++index) {
    auto &note = notes[index];
    note.stem_up = group.stem_up;
    note.beamed = true;
    note.beam_group_index = group.index;
    update_stem_geometry(note, staff_top, spacing);
    group.beam_y = group.stem_up ? std::min(group.beam_y, note.stem_tip_y) : std::max(group.beam_y, note.stem_tip_y);
  }
  auto beam_half = scaled(beam_thickness_spaces, spacing) * 0.5F;
  for (auto index = group.first_note; index <= group.last_note; ++index) {
    auto &note = notes[index];
    note.stem_tip_y = group.stem_up ? group.beam_y + beam_half : group.beam_y - beam_half;
  }
}

auto beam_type(note_layout const &note, std::int32_t level) -> std::string_view {
  for (auto const &beam : note.source->beams) {
    if (beam.level == level) {
      return beam.type;
    }
  }
  return {};
}

auto make_beam_groups(std::vector<note_layout> &notes, vamp_zero::score_measure const &measure, double offset_ticks, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing) -> std::vector<beam_group_layout> {
  auto groups = std::vector<beam_group_layout>{};
  auto index = std::size_t{};
  while (index < notes.size()) {
    if (!eligible_for_beam(notes[index])) {
      ++index;
      continue;
    }
    auto start = index;
    auto end = index;
    auto const &tuplet_id = notes[index].source == nullptr ? std::string{} : notes[index].source->tuplet_id;
    auto explicit_beam = beam_type(notes[index], 1);
    if (!explicit_beam.empty()) {
      while (end + 1U < notes.size() && beam_type(notes[end], 1) != "end" && eligible_for_beam(notes[end + 1]) &&
             (beam_type(notes[end + 1], 1) == "continue" || beam_type(notes[end + 1], 1) == "end")) {
        ++end;
      }
    } else if (!tuplet_id.empty()) {
      while (end + 1U < notes.size() && eligible_for_beam(notes[end + 1U]) && notes[end + 1U].source != nullptr &&
             notes[end + 1U].source->tuplet_id == tuplet_id) {
        ++end;
      }
    } else {
      auto onset = notes[index].elapsed_ticks + offset_ticks;
      auto beat_end = (std::floor(onset / quarter_note_ticks) + 1) * quarter_note_ticks;
      auto const *beat_pattern = &measure.beats;
      auto beat_start = 0.0;
      for (auto const &a : measure.attributes) {
        if (!a.beats.empty() && a.onset.quarters() * 4096.0 <= onset) {
          beat_pattern = &a.beats;
          beat_start = a.onset.quarters() * 4096.0;
        }
      }
      if (!beat_pattern->empty()) {
        auto cycle = 0.0;
        for (auto beat : *beat_pattern) {
          cycle += beat.quarters() * quarter_note_ticks;
        }
        beat_end = beat_start + std::floor((onset - beat_start) / cycle) * cycle;
        for (auto beat : *beat_pattern) {
          beat_end += beat.quarters() * quarter_note_ticks;
          if (beat_end > onset + 0.00001) {
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      for (auto const &a : measure.attributes) {
        if (!a.beats.empty() && a.onset.quarters() * 4096.0 > onset) {
          beat_end = std::min(beat_end, a.onset.quarters() * 4096.0);
        }
      }
      beat_end -= offset_ticks;
      while (end + 1U < notes.size() && eligible_for_beam(notes[end + 1U]) && notes[end + 1U].source != nullptr &&
             notes[end + 1U].source->grace == notes[index].source->grace && notes[end + 1U].source->tuplet_id.empty() &&
             notes[end + 1U].elapsed_ticks < beat_end) {
        ++end;
      }
    }
    if (end > start) {
      auto group = beam_group_layout{
        .index = groups.size(),
        .first_note = start,
        .last_note = end,
      };
      update_beam_group_geometry(notes, group, staff_top, spacing);
      groups.push_back(group);
      index = end + 1U;
      continue;
    }
    ++index;
  }
  for (auto &note : notes) {
    if (!note.beamed) {
      update_stem_geometry(note, staff_top, spacing);
    }
  }
  return groups;
}

auto accidental_layouts(note_layout const &note, std::float32_t spacing) -> std::vector<notehead_layout> {
  auto candidates = std::vector<notehead_layout>{};
  for (auto const &head : note.heads) {
    if (accidental_glyph(head.accidental)) {
      candidates.push_back(head);
    }
  }
  std::sort(candidates.begin(), candidates.end(), [](auto const &left, auto const &right) {
    return left.bounds.y < right.bounds.y;
  });
  auto result = std::vector<notehead_layout>{};
  auto column_ranges = std::vector<std::vector<luma::rect>>{};
  auto chord_left = note.visual_right;
  auto max_width = std::float32_t{};
  for (auto const &head : note.heads) {
    chord_left = std::min(chord_left, head.bounds.x);
    if (auto glyph = accidental_glyph(head.accidental)) {
      max_width = std::max(max_width, glyph_width(*glyph, spacing));
    }
  }
  auto column_step = max_width + spacing * 0.30F;
  for (auto head : candidates) {
    auto glyph = *accidental_glyph(head.accidental);
    auto raw_bounds = glyph_bounds(glyph, {.x = 0.0F, .y = head.center_y}, spacing);
    auto column_index = std::size_t{};
    for (; column_index < column_ranges.size(); ++column_index) {
      auto fits = std::bool_t{true};
      for (auto const &range : column_ranges[column_index]) {
        if (raw_bounds.y < range.y + range.height + spacing * 0.15F &&
            raw_bounds.y + raw_bounds.height + spacing * 0.15F > range.y) {
          fits = false;
          break;
        }
      }
      if (fits) {
        break;
      }
    }
    if (column_index == column_ranges.size()) {
      column_ranges.push_back({});
    }
    auto right_x = chord_left - spacing * 0.45F - static_cast<std::float32_t>(column_index) * column_step;
    head.codepoint = glyph;
    head.origin = {.x = right_x - glyph_box(glyph).east * spacing, .y = head.center_y};
    head.bounds = glyph_bounds(glyph, head.origin, spacing);
    column_ranges[column_index].push_back(head.bounds);
    result.push_back(head);
  }
  return result;
}

auto add_flag(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, note_layout const &note, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system_index, std::size_t measure_index) -> void {
  auto codepoint = (note.stem_up ? glyph_flag_eighth_up : glyph_flag_eighth_down) + 2 * (flag_count(note.duration) - 1);
  auto anchor = note.stem_up ? smufl_anchor{.x = 0.0F, .y = -0.176F} : smufl_anchor{.x = 0.0F, .y = 0.176F};
  auto origin = luma::point{
    .x = note.stem_x - anchor.x * spacing,
    .y = note.stem_tip_y + anchor.y * spacing,
  };
  add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::FLAG, codepoint, origin, spacing * note.size, score_ink(), system_index, measure_index, note.note_index);
}

auto include_visual_bounds(note_layout &note, luma::rect bounds) -> void {
  note.visual_left = std::min(note.visual_left, bounds.x);
  note.visual_right = std::max(note.visual_right, bounds.x + bounds.width);
  note.visual_top = std::min(note.visual_top, bounds.y);
  note.visual_bottom = std::max(note.visual_bottom, bounds.y + bounds.height);
}

auto flag_bounds(note_layout const &note, std::float32_t spacing) -> luma::rect {
  auto codepoint = (note.stem_up ? glyph_flag_eighth_up : glyph_flag_eighth_down) + 2 * (flag_count(note.duration) - 1);
  auto anchor = note.stem_up ? smufl_anchor{.x = 0.0F, .y = -0.176F} : smufl_anchor{.x = 0.0F, .y = 0.176F};
  auto origin = luma::point{
    .x = note.stem_x - anchor.x * spacing,
    .y = note.stem_tip_y + anchor.y * spacing,
  };
  return glyph_bounds(codepoint, origin, spacing * note.size);
}

struct secondary_stem_layout {
  luma::point base;
  luma::point tip;
  std::optional<std::int32_t> flag;
};

auto secondary_stem(note_layout const &note, notehead_layout const &head, float spacing) -> std::optional<secondary_stem_layout> {
  if (head.source_pitch_index >= note.source->pitches.size() || note.source->stem == "none") {
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  auto const &tone = note.source->pitches[head.source_pitch_index];
  if (tone.written.type.empty() || tone.written.type == note.source->written.type) {
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  auto duration = duration_for(tone.written);
  if (!has_stem(duration)) {
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  auto up = !note.stem_up;
  auto x = up ? head.bounds.x + head.bounds.width : head.bounds.x;
  auto result = secondary_stem_layout{
    {x, head.center_y}, {x, head.center_y + (up ? -1.0F : 1.0F) * spacing * 3.5F * note.size}, std::nullopt};
  if (has_flag(duration)) {
    result.flag = (up ? glyph_flag_eighth_up : glyph_flag_eighth_down) + 2 * (flag_count(duration) - 1);
  }
  return result;
}

auto refresh_note_visual_extents(note_layout &note, std::float32_t spacing) -> void {
  update_note_visual_extents(note, spacing);
  note.visual_left -= note.leading_space;
  if (note.hidden || note.rest) {
    return;
  }
  auto accidental_extent = note_accidental_extent(note, spacing);
  if (accidental_extent > 0.0F) {
    note.visual_left -= accidental_extent;
  }
  for (auto const &head : note.heads) {
    if (auto stem = secondary_stem(note, head, spacing)) {
      include_visual_bounds(note,
                            {.x = stem->base.x,
                             .y = std::min(stem->base.y, stem->tip.y),
                             .width = 1,
                             .height = std::abs(stem->base.y - stem->tip.y)});
      if (stem->flag) {
        include_visual_bounds(note, glyph_bounds(*stem->flag, stem->tip, spacing * note.size));
      }
    }
    if (auto glyph = accidental_glyph(head.accidental)) {
      auto box = glyph_box(*glyph);
      note.visual_top = std::min(note.visual_top, head.center_y - box.north * spacing);
      note.visual_bottom = std::max(note.visual_bottom, head.center_y - box.south * spacing);
    }
  }
  if (has_stem(note.duration) && note.stem_x != 0.0F) {
    auto half_stem = at_least_one_pixel(scaled(stem_thickness_spaces, spacing)) * 0.5F;
    include_visual_bounds(note,
                          {
                            .x = note.stem_x - half_stem,
                            .y = std::min(note.stem_base_y, note.stem_tip_y),
                            .width = half_stem * 2.0F,
                            .height = std::abs(note.stem_tip_y - note.stem_base_y),
                          });
  }
  if (has_flag(note.duration) && !note.beamed && note.stem_x != 0.0F) {
    include_visual_bounds(note, flag_bounds(note, spacing));
  }
}

auto layout_rest(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, note_layout const &note, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system_index, std::size_t measure_index) -> void {
  auto codepoint = rest_codepoint(note.duration);
  auto y = note.source->rest_position ? pitch_y(*note.source->rest_position, staff_top, spacing, note.source->clef)
                                      : rest_baseline_y(note.duration, staff_top, spacing);
  auto origin = origin_for_centered_baseline(codepoint, note.x, y, spacing);
  add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::REST, codepoint, origin, spacing, score_ink(), system_index, measure_index, note.note_index);
  for (auto dot = std::int32_t{}; dot < note.duration.dots; ++dot) {
    auto bounds = glyph_bounds(codepoint, origin, spacing);
    add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::DOT, glyph_augmentation_dot, origin_for_centered_baseline(glyph_augmentation_dot, bounds.x + bounds.width + spacing * (0.75F + dot * 0.6F), staff_top + spacing * 2.0F, spacing), spacing, score_ink(), system_index, measure_index, note.note_index);
  }
}

auto layout_note_symbols(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, note_layout const &note, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system_index, std::size_t measure_index) -> void {
  if (note.hidden) {
    return;
  }
  if (note.rest) {
    layout_rest(layout, note, staff_top, spacing, system_index, measure_index);
    return;
  }
  layout_ledger_lines(layout, note, staff_top, spacing, system_index, measure_index);
  for (auto const &accidental : accidental_layouts(note, spacing)) {
    add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::ACCIDENTAL, accidental.codepoint, accidental.origin, spacing, score_ink(), system_index, measure_index, note.note_index);
    auto const &p = note.source->pitches[accidental.source_pitch_index];
    if (p.accidental_parentheses || p.accidental_bracket) {
      auto left = p.accidental_bracket ? 0xe26c : 0xe26a;
      auto right = p.accidental_bracket ? 0xe26d : 0xe26b;
      add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::ACCIDENTAL, left, origin_for_left_baseline(left, accidental.bounds.x - spacing * 0.7F, accidental.center_y, spacing), spacing, score_ink(), system_index, measure_index, note.note_index);
      add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::ACCIDENTAL, right, origin_for_left_baseline(right, accidental.bounds.x + accidental.bounds.width + spacing * 0.1F, accidental.center_y, spacing), spacing, score_ink(), system_index, measure_index, note.note_index);
    }
  }
  for (auto const &head : note.heads) {
    add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::NOTEHEAD, head.codepoint, head.origin, spacing * note.size, score_ink(), system_index, measure_index, note.note_index);
  }
  {
    auto dot_x = note.visual_right - spacing * 0.65F;
    for (auto const &head : note.heads) {
      auto dots = note.source != nullptr && head.source_pitch_index < note.source->pitches.size() &&
                      !note.source->pitches[head.source_pitch_index].written.type.empty()
                    ? note.source->pitches[head.source_pitch_index].written.dots
                    : note.duration.dots;
      for (auto dot = std::int32_t{}; dot < dots; ++dot) {
        add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::DOT, glyph_augmentation_dot, origin_for_centered_baseline(glyph_augmentation_dot, dot_x + spacing * dot * 0.6F, dot_y_for(head.center_y, staff_top, spacing), spacing), spacing, score_ink(), system_index, measure_index, note.note_index);
      }
    }
  }
}

auto note_x(std::float32_t start_x, std::float32_t width, double total_ticks, double elapsed_ticks, double duration_ticks) -> std::float32_t {
  auto center_ticks = static_cast<std::float32_t>(elapsed_ticks) + static_cast<std::float32_t>(duration_ticks) * 0.5F;
  auto ratio = std::clamp<std::float32_t>(
    center_ticks / static_cast<std::float32_t>(total_ticks), std::float32_t{0.0F}, std::float32_t{1.0F});
  return start_x + width * ratio;
}

auto layout_tuplets(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, vamp_zero::score_measure const &measure, std::vector<note_layout> const &notes, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system_index, std::size_t measure_index) -> void {
  for (auto const &tuplet : measure.tuplets) {
    if (tuplet.id.empty() || tuplet.note_count <= 0) {
      continue;
    }
    auto first = invalid_layout_index;
    auto last = invalid_layout_index;
    for (auto index = std::size_t{}; index < notes.size(); ++index) {
      if (notes[index].source != nullptr &&
          (notes[index].source->tuplet_id == tuplet.id ||
           std::find(notes[index].source->tuplet_ids.begin(), notes[index].source->tuplet_ids.end(), tuplet.id) !=
             notes[index].source->tuplet_ids.end())) {
        first = std::min(first, index);
        last = index;
      }
    }
    if (first == invalid_layout_index || last == invalid_layout_index || first > last) {
      continue;
    }
    auto same_beam = notes[first].beamed;
    auto beam_index = notes[first].beam_group_index;
    auto top_y = staff_top;
    for (auto index = first; index <= last; ++index) {
      top_y = std::min(top_y, notes[index].beamed ? notes[index].stem_tip_y : notes[index].high_y);
      same_beam = same_beam && notes[index].beamed && notes[index].beam_group_index == beam_index;
    }
    auto text = tuplet.show_number == "none" ? std::string{} : std::to_string(tuplet.note_count);
    if (tuplet.show_number == "both") {
      text += ":" + std::to_string(tuplet.space_count);
    }
    auto y = top_y - spacing * (1.55F + 1.25F * tuplet.depth);
    auto x0 = notes[first].x;
    auto x1 = notes[last].x;
    add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::TUPLET, (x0 + x1) * 0.5F - spacing * 0.35F, y - spacing * 0.25F, std::move(text), 1, score_muted_ink(), spacing * 5.0F, system_index, measure_index, first);
    if (tuplet.bracket == "yes" || (!same_beam && tuplet.bracket != "no")) {
      auto bracket_y = y + spacing * 0.65F;
      add_stroke_line(layout,
                      vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::TUPLET_BRACKET,
                      {.x = x0, .y = bracket_y},
                      {.x = x1, .y = bracket_y},
                      1.0F,
                      score_muted_ink(),
                      system_index,
                      measure_index);
      add_stroke_line(layout,
                      vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::TUPLET_BRACKET,
                      {.x = x0, .y = bracket_y},
                      {.x = x0, .y = bracket_y + spacing * 0.35F},
                      1.0F,
                      score_muted_ink(),
                      system_index,
                      measure_index);
      add_stroke_line(layout,
                      vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::TUPLET_BRACKET,
                      {.x = x1, .y = bracket_y},
                      {.x = x1, .y = bracket_y + spacing * 0.35F},
                      1.0F,
                      score_muted_ink(),
                      system_index,
                      measure_index);
    }
  }
}

auto measure_notation_top_y(vamp_zero::score_measure const &measure, std::vector<note_layout> const &notes, std::vector<beam_group_layout> const &beam_groups, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing) -> std::float32_t {
  auto top_y = staff_top;
  for (auto const &note : notes) {
    if (!note.hidden) {
      top_y = std::min(top_y, note.visual_top);
    }
  }
  for (auto const &group : beam_groups) {
    top_y = std::min(top_y, group.beam_y - scaled(beam_thickness_spaces, spacing) * 0.5F);
  }
  for (auto const &tuplet : measure.tuplets) {
    if (tuplet.id.empty() || tuplet.note_count <= 0) {
      continue;
    }
    auto first = invalid_layout_index;
    auto last = invalid_layout_index;
    for (auto index = std::size_t{}; index < notes.size(); ++index) {
      if (notes[index].source != nullptr &&
          (notes[index].source->tuplet_id == tuplet.id ||
           std::find(notes[index].source->tuplet_ids.begin(), notes[index].source->tuplet_ids.end(), tuplet.id) !=
             notes[index].source->tuplet_ids.end())) {
        first = std::min(first, index);
        last = index;
      }
    }
    if (first == invalid_layout_index || last == invalid_layout_index || first > last) {
      continue;
    }
    auto tuplet_top_y = staff_top;
    for (auto index = first; index <= last; ++index) {
      tuplet_top_y = std::min(tuplet_top_y, notes[index].beamed ? notes[index].stem_tip_y : notes[index].visual_top);
    }
    top_y = std::min(top_y, tuplet_top_y - spacing * 1.80F);
  }
  return top_y;
}

auto measure_notation_bottom_y(std::vector<note_layout> const &notes, std::vector<beam_group_layout> const &beam_groups, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing) -> std::float32_t {
  auto bottom_y = staff_top + spacing * 4.0F;
  for (auto const &note : notes) {
    if (!note.hidden) {
      bottom_y = std::max(bottom_y, note.visual_bottom);
    }
  }
  for (auto const &group : beam_groups) {
    bottom_y = std::max(bottom_y, group.beam_y + scaled(beam_thickness_spaces, spacing) * 0.5F);
  }
  return bottom_y;
}

auto lyric_y(std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::float32_t notation_bottom_y) -> std::float32_t {
  return std::max(staff_top + scaled(lyric_below_staff_spaces, spacing), notation_bottom_y + scaled(lyric_clearance_spaces, spacing));
}

auto chord_symbol_y(std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::float32_t notation_top_y) -> std::float32_t {
  auto y = staff_top - scaled(chord_above_staff_spaces, spacing);
  auto const bottom_limit = notation_top_y - scaled(chord_clearance_spaces, spacing);
  if (y + text_line_height(2) > bottom_limit) {
    y = bottom_limit - text_line_height(2);
  }
  return y;
}

auto same_pitch(vamp_zero::score_pitch const &left, vamp_zero::score_pitch const &right) -> std::bool_t {
  return normalized_letter(left.letter) == normalized_letter(right.letter) && left.octave == right.octave &&
         pitch_alteration(left.accidental) == pitch_alteration(right.accidental);
}

auto make_laid_out_note_ref(note_layout const &note, luma::rect notation_bounds, std::size_t system_index, std::size_t measure_index) -> laid_out_note_ref {
  auto ref = laid_out_note_ref{
    .system_index = system_index,
    .measure_index = measure_index,
    .note_index = note.note_index,
    .notation_bounds = notation_bounds,
    .stem_up = note.stem_up,
  };
  if (note.source == nullptr || note.hidden || note.rest) {
    return ref;
  }
  ref.heads.reserve(note.heads.size());
  for (auto const &head : note.heads) {
    if (head.source_pitch_index >= note.source->pitches.size()) {
      continue;
    }
    ref.heads.push_back({
      .pitch = note.source->pitches[head.source_pitch_index],
      .bounds = head.bounds,
      .center_y = head.center_y,
    });
  }
  return ref;
}

auto find_note_ref(std::vector<laid_out_note_ref> const &refs, std::size_t measure_index, std::size_t note_index) -> laid_out_note_ref const * {
  auto found = std::find_if(refs.begin(), refs.end(), [&](auto const &ref) {
    return ref.measure_index == measure_index && ref.note_index == note_index;
  });
  return found == refs.end() ? nullptr : &*found;
}

auto find_measure_ref(std::vector<laid_out_measure_ref> const &refs, std::size_t measure_index) -> laid_out_measure_ref const * {
  auto found =
    std::find_if(refs.begin(), refs.end(), [&](auto const &ref) { return ref.measure_index == measure_index; });
  return found == refs.end() ? nullptr : &*found;
}

auto find_tie_head(laid_out_note_ref const &ref, vamp_zero::score_pitch const &pitch) -> laid_out_tie_head const * {
  auto found = std::find_if(ref.heads.begin(), ref.heads.end(), [&](auto const &head) {
    return pitch.id.empty() ? same_pitch(head.pitch, pitch)
                            : head.pitch.id == pitch.id || head.pitch.id == pitch.tie_to;
  });
  return found == ref.heads.end() ? nullptr : &*found;
}

struct tied_note_destination {
  std::size_t measure_index{};
  std::size_t note_index{};
};

auto find_tied_destination(vamp_zero::score_document const &score, std::size_t measure_index, std::size_t note_index, vamp_zero::score_pitch const &pitch) -> std::optional<tied_note_destination> {
  for (auto current_measure = measure_index; current_measure < score.measures.size(); ++current_measure) {
    auto const &measure = score.measures[current_measure];
    auto first_note = current_measure == measure_index ? note_index + 1U : 0U;
    for (auto current_note = first_note; current_note < measure.notes.size(); ++current_note) {
      auto const &note = measure.notes[current_note];
      if (note.grace) {
        continue;
      }
      if (note.kind == "rest" || note.kind == "spacer") {
        return std::nullopt;
      }
      auto matching_pitch = std::find_if(note.pitches.begin(), note.pitches.end(), [&](auto const &candidate) {
        return pitch.id.empty() ? same_pitch(candidate, pitch) : candidate.id == pitch.tie_to;
      });
      if (matching_pitch == note.pitches.end()) {
        return std::nullopt;
      }
      if (note.tie_from_previous || matching_pitch->tie_from == pitch.id) {
        return tied_note_destination{.measure_index = current_measure, .note_index = current_note};
      }
      return std::nullopt;
    }
  }
  return std::nullopt;
}

auto add_tie_curve(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, luma::point from, luma::point to, std::bool_t below_note, std::float32_t spacing, std::size_t system_index, std::size_t measure_index, std::size_t note_index) -> void {
  if (to.x <= from.x + spacing * 0.40F) {
    return;
  }
  auto direction = below_note ? std::float32_t{1.0F} : std::float32_t{-1.0F};
  auto control = luma::point{
    .x = (from.x + to.x) * 0.5F,
    .y = (from.y + to.y) * 0.5F + direction * scaled(tie_arch_spaces, spacing),
  };
  add_curve(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::TIE, from, control, to, at_least_one_pixel(scaled(tie_thickness_spaces, spacing)), score_ink(), system_index, measure_index, note_index);
}

auto layout_page_ties(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, vamp_zero::score_document const &score, std::vector<laid_out_note_ref> const &note_refs, std::vector<laid_out_measure_ref> const &measure_refs, std::float32_t spacing) -> void {
  for (auto measure_index = std::size_t{}; measure_index < score.measures.size(); ++measure_index) {
    auto const &measure = score.measures[measure_index];
    for (auto note_index = std::size_t{}; note_index < measure.notes.size(); ++note_index) {
      auto const &note = measure.notes[note_index];
      if (!note.tie_to_next || note.hidden || note.kind == "rest") {
        continue;
      }
      auto const *start_ref = find_note_ref(note_refs, measure_index, note_index);
      for (auto const &pitch : note.pitches) {
        if (!pitch.id.empty() && pitch.tie_to.empty()) {
          continue;
        }
        auto destination = find_tied_destination(score, measure_index, note_index, pitch);
        auto const *destination_ref =
          destination ? find_note_ref(note_refs, destination->measure_index, destination->note_index) : nullptr;
        auto const *start_head = start_ref == nullptr ? nullptr : find_tie_head(*start_ref, pitch);
        auto const *destination_head = destination_ref == nullptr ? nullptr : find_tie_head(*destination_ref, pitch);
        if (start_ref != nullptr && start_head != nullptr && destination_ref != nullptr &&
            destination_head != nullptr && start_ref->system_index == destination_ref->system_index) {
          auto below = start_ref->stem_up;
          auto y_offset = scaled(tie_note_offset_spaces, spacing) * (below ? 1.0F : -1.0F);
          add_tie_curve(layout,
                        {.x = start_head->bounds.x + start_head->bounds.width + scaled(tie_endpoint_gap_spaces, spacing),
                         .y = start_head->center_y + y_offset},
                        {.x = destination_head->bounds.x - scaled(tie_endpoint_gap_spaces, spacing),
                         .y = destination_head->center_y + y_offset},
                        below,
                        spacing,
                        start_ref->system_index,
                        start_ref->measure_index,
                        start_ref->note_index);
          continue;
        }
        if (start_ref != nullptr && start_head != nullptr) {
          auto below = start_ref->stem_up;
          auto y_offset = scaled(tie_note_offset_spaces, spacing) * (below ? 1.0F : -1.0F);
          add_tie_curve(layout,
                        {.x = start_head->bounds.x + start_head->bounds.width + scaled(tie_endpoint_gap_spaces, spacing),
                         .y = start_head->center_y + y_offset},
                        {.x = start_ref->notation_bounds.x + start_ref->notation_bounds.width,
                         .y = start_head->center_y + y_offset},
                        below,
                        spacing,
                        start_ref->system_index,
                        start_ref->measure_index,
                        start_ref->note_index);
        }
        if (destination && destination_ref != nullptr && destination_head != nullptr) {
          auto const *measure_ref = find_measure_ref(measure_refs, destination->measure_index);
          if (measure_ref == nullptr) {
            continue;
          }
          auto below = destination_ref->stem_up;
          auto y_offset = scaled(tie_note_offset_spaces, spacing) * (below ? 1.0F : -1.0F);
          add_tie_curve(layout,
                        {.x = measure_ref->notation_bounds.x, .y = destination_head->center_y + y_offset},
                        {.x = destination_head->bounds.x - scaled(tie_endpoint_gap_spaces, spacing),
                         .y = destination_head->center_y + y_offset},
                        below,
                        spacing,
                        destination_ref->system_index,
                        destination_ref->measure_index,
                        destination_ref->note_index);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

auto layout_measure(vamp_zero::score_page_layout &layout, vamp_zero::score_document const &score, vamp_zero::score_measure const &measure, luma::rect bounds, std::size_t measure_number, std::size_t system_index, std::size_t measure_index, std::float32_t staff_top, std::float32_t spacing, std::vector<laid_out_note_ref> &note_refs, std::vector<laid_out_measure_ref> &measure_refs, std::size_t first_note = 0, std::size_t note_count = std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max()) -> void {
  auto notation_x = bounds.x + spacing * 1.15F;
  auto notation_right_x = bounds.x + bounds.width - scaled(measure_right_guard_spaces, spacing);
  auto notation_width = std::max<std::float32_t>(spacing * 3.0F, notation_right_x - notation_x);
  auto notation_bounds = luma::rect{.x = notation_x, .y = bounds.y, .width = notation_width, .height = bounds.height};
  measure_refs.push_back({
    .measure_index = measure_index,
    .notation_bounds = notation_bounds,
  });
  auto total_ticks = measure_ticks(measure);
  auto last_note = first_note + std::min(note_count, measure.notes.size() - first_note);
  auto offset_ticks = 0.0;
  for (auto index = std::size_t{}; index < first_note; ++index) {
    offset_ticks += spacing_ticks(measure.notes[index]);
  }
  if (first_note < measure.notes.size() && !measure.notes[first_note].written.type.empty()) {
    offset_ticks = measure.notes[first_note].onset.quarters() * 4096.0;
  }
  auto end_ticks = total_ticks;
  if (last_note < measure.notes.size()) {
    end_ticks = !measure.notes[last_note].written.type.empty() ? measure.notes[last_note].onset.quarters() * 4096.0
                                                               : offset_ticks;
  }
  if (last_note < measure.notes.size() && measure.notes[last_note].written.type.empty()) {
    for (auto i = first_note; i < last_note; ++i) {
      end_ticks += spacing_ticks(measure.notes[i]);
    }
  }
  total_ticks = std::max(0.00001, end_ticks - offset_ticks);
  auto elapsed = 0.0;
  auto accidentals = make_accidental_state(effective_key_signature(score, measure));
  if (measure.structured_key) {
    accidentals.key_alterations = measure.key_alterations;
  }
  auto notes = std::vector<note_layout>{};
  notes.reserve(measure.notes.size());
  for (auto index = std::size_t{}; index < first_note; ++index) {
    notated_accidentals_for_note(accidentals, measure.notes[index], measure.notes[index].notehead == "slash");
  }
  for (auto index = first_note; index < last_note; ++index) {
    auto const &note = measure.notes[index];
    auto duration_ticks = spacing_ticks(note);
    if (!note.written.type.empty()) {
      elapsed = note.onset.quarters() * 4096.0 - offset_ticks;
    }
    auto x = note_x(notation_x, notation_width, total_ticks, elapsed, duration_ticks);
    for (auto const &a : measure.attributes) {
      if (a.onset.quarters() * 4096.0 == elapsed + offset_ticks && a.key_alterations) {
        accidentals.key_alterations = *a.key_alterations;
        accidentals.measure_alterations.clear();
      }
    }
    if (!note.written.type.empty() && !note.measure_rest) {
      x = notation_x + spacing + (notation_width - spacing * 2) * static_cast<float>(elapsed / total_ticks);
    }
    if (note.grace) {
      x -= spacing * 1.5F;
    }
    auto const slash = note.notehead == "slash";
    auto accidental_marks = notated_accidentals_for_note(accidentals, note, slash);
    notes.push_back(build_note_layout(score, note, index, elapsed, duration_ticks, x, staff_top, spacing, accidental_marks));
    for (auto const &a : measure.attributes) {
      if (a.onset.quarters() * 4096.0 == elapsed + offset_ticks) {
        notes.back().leading_space += attribute_width(a);
      }
    }
    notes.back().visual_left -= notes.back().leading_space;
    elapsed += duration_ticks;
  }
  fit_note_spacing(notes, notation_bounds, spacing);
  auto beam_groups = make_beam_groups(notes, measure, offset_ticks, staff_top, spacing);
  for (auto &note : notes) {
    refresh_note_visual_extents(note, spacing);
  }
  fit_note_spacing(notes, notation_bounds, spacing);
  keep_notes_inside_right_guard(notes, notation_bounds, spacing);
  for (auto &note : notes) {
    refresh_note_visual_extents(note, spacing);
  }
  auto const notation_top_y = measure_notation_top_y(measure, notes, beam_groups, staff_top, spacing);
  auto const notation_bottom_y = measure_notation_bottom_y(notes, beam_groups, staff_top, spacing);
  auto const chord_y = chord_symbol_y(staff_top, spacing, notation_top_y);
  auto const lyrics_y = lyric_y(staff_top, spacing, notation_bottom_y);
  add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::MEASURE_NUMBER, bounds.x + spacing * 0.20F, chord_y - text_line_height(1) - 3.0F, std::to_string(measure_number), 1, score_muted_ink(), spacing * 4, system_index, measure_index);
  for (auto const &note : notes) {
    note_refs.push_back(make_laid_out_note_ref(note, notation_bounds, system_index, measure_index));
  }
  if (!measure.section_label.empty() && first_note == 0) {
    auto section_y = chord_y - text_line_height(2) - text_line_height(1) - 9.0F;
    add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::SECTION_LABEL, bounds.x + spacing * 2.10F, section_y, measure.section_label, 2, score_accent_ink(), bounds.width - spacing * 2.6F, system_index, measure_index);
  }
  auto at_time = [&](double ticks) {
    if (notes.empty()) {
      return notation_x;
    }
    auto before = notation_x;
    auto before_time = 0.0;
    for (auto const &n : notes) {
      if (n.source->grace) {
        continue;
      }
      if (std::abs(n.elapsed_ticks - ticks) < 0.00001) {
        return n.x;
      }
      if (n.elapsed_ticks > ticks) {
        return before + (n.x - before) * static_cast<float>((ticks - before_time) / (n.elapsed_ticks - before_time));
      }
      before = n.x;
      before_time = n.elapsed_ticks;
    }
    return before + (notation_right_x - before) *
                      static_cast<float>((ticks - before_time) / std::max(0.00001, total_ticks - before_time));
  };
  for (auto const &h : measure.harmonies) {
    auto time = h.onset.quarters() * 4096.0;
    if (time < offset_ticks || time >= end_ticks) {
      continue;
    }
    auto x = at_time(time - offset_ticks);
    add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::CHORD_SYMBOL, x - spacing, chord_y, h.symbol, 2, score_ink(), std::max(spacing * 2, bounds.x + bounds.width - x), system_index, measure_index);
  }
  for (auto const &a : measure.attributes) {
    auto time = a.onset.quarters() * 4096.0;
    if (time < offset_ticks || time >= end_ticks) {
      continue;
    }
    auto x = at_time(time - offset_ticks) - attribute_width(a);
    if (!a.clef.empty()) {
      x += layout_clef(layout, a.clef, x, staff_top, spacing * 0.75F, system_index);
    }
    if (a.key_alterations) {
      x += layout_structured_key(layout, measure.clef, *a.key_alterations, x, staff_top, spacing * 0.75F, system_index, &measure.key_alterations);
    }
    if (!a.time_signature.empty()) {
      layout_time_signature(layout, a.time_signature, x, staff_top, spacing * 0.75F, system_index);
    }
  }
  auto measure_start = 0.0;
  for (auto i = std::size_t{}; i < measure_index; ++i) {
    measure_start += measure_ticks(score.measures[i]);
  }
  for (auto const &shift : score.octave_shifts) {
    auto start = std::max(offset_ticks, shift.start.quarters() * 4096.0 - measure_start);
    auto end = std::min(end_ticks, shift.end.quarters() * 4096.0 - measure_start);
    if (start >= end) {
      continue;
    }
    auto x0 = at_time(start - offset_ticks), x1 = at_time(end - offset_ticks);
    auto above = shift.octaves < 0;
    auto y = above ? notation_top_y - spacing * 2 : notation_bottom_y + spacing * 2;
    auto label = std::to_string(std::abs(shift.octaves) * 7 + 1) + (above ? "va" : "vb");
    add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::OCTAVE_SHIFT, x0, y - spacing, label, 1, score_ink(), spacing * 4, system_index, measure_index);
    for (auto x = x0 + spacing * 3; x < x1; x += spacing) {
      add_stroke_line(layout,
                      vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::OCTAVE_SHIFT,
                      {.x = x, .y = y},
                      {.x = std::min(x + spacing * 0.5F, x1), .y = y},
                      1,
                      score_ink(),
                      system_index,
                      measure_index);
    }
  }
  auto previous_chord = std::string{};
  for (auto const &note : notes) {
    if (note.source == nullptr || note.hidden || note.source->chord_symbol.empty() ||
        note.source->chord_symbol == previous_chord) {
      continue;
    }
    add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::CHORD_SYMBOL, note.x - spacing * 1.15F, chord_y, note.source->chord_symbol, 2, score_ink(), std::min<std::float32_t>(spacing * 10.0F, bounds.width - (note.x - bounds.x)), system_index, measure_index, note.note_index);
    previous_chord = note.source->chord_symbol;
  }
  for (auto const &note : notes) {
    if (note.hidden || note.rest || !has_stem(note.duration) || note.source->stem == "none") {
      continue;
    }
    add_stroke_line(layout,
                    vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::STEM,
                    {.x = note.stem_x, .y = note.stem_base_y},
                    {.x = note.stem_x, .y = note.stem_tip_y},
                    at_least_one_pixel(scaled(stem_thickness_spaces, spacing)),
                    score_ink(),
                    system_index,
                    measure_index,
                    note.note_index);
  }
  for (auto const &group : beam_groups) {
    add_stroke_line(layout,
                    vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::BEAM,
                    {.x = notes[group.first_note].stem_x, .y = group.beam_y},
                    {.x = notes[group.last_note].stem_x, .y = group.beam_y},
                    scaled(beam_thickness_spaces, spacing),
                    score_ink(),
                    system_index,
                    measure_index);
  }
  for (auto const &group : beam_groups) {
    for (auto index = group.first_note; index <= group.last_note; ++index) {
      auto const &n = notes[index];
      for (auto level = std::int32_t{2}; level <= flag_count(n.duration); ++level) {
        auto type = beam_type(n, level);
        auto next = index < group.last_note && flag_count(notes[index + 1].duration) >= level;
        auto previous = index > group.first_note && flag_count(notes[index - 1].duration) >= level;
        if (type == "backward hook" || type == "forward hook") {
          next = false;
          previous = false;
        } else if (type == "end") {
          next = false;
        }
        if (!next && previous) {
          continue;
        }
        auto y = group.beam_y + (group.stem_up ? 1.0F : -1.0F) * spacing * 0.8F * (level - 1);
        auto end = next ? notes[index + 1].stem_x
                        : n.stem_x + spacing * (type == "backward hook" || index == group.last_note ? -1.0F : 1.0F);
        add_stroke_line(layout,
                        vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::BEAM,
                        {.x = n.stem_x, .y = y},
                        {.x = end, .y = y},
                        scaled(beam_thickness_spaces, spacing),
                        score_ink(),
                        system_index,
                        measure_index,
                        n.note_index);
      }
    }
  }
  for (auto const &n : notes) {
    if (n.hidden || n.rest) {
      continue;
    }
    for (auto const &head : n.heads) {
      auto stem = secondary_stem(n, head, spacing);
      if (!stem) {
        continue;
      }
      add_stroke_line(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::STEM, stem->base, stem->tip, 1, score_ink(), system_index, measure_index, n.note_index);
      if (stem->flag) {
        add_glyph(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::FLAG, *stem->flag, stem->tip, spacing * n.size, score_ink(), system_index, measure_index, n.note_index);
      }
    }
    if (n.source->grace_slash) {
      auto direction = n.stem_up ? 1.0F : -1.0F;
      add_stroke_line(layout,
                      vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::STEM,
                      {.x = n.stem_x - spacing * n.size * 0.5F, .y = n.stem_tip_y + direction * spacing * n.size * 1.5F},
                      {.x = n.stem_x + spacing * n.size, .y = n.stem_tip_y + direction * spacing * n.size * 0.3F},
                      1.0F,
                      score_ink(),
                      system_index,
                      measure_index,
                      n.note_index);
    }
    if (n.source->tremolo_marks) {
      auto partner = std::find_if(notes.begin(), notes.end(), [&](auto const &candidate) {
        return candidate.source->id == n.source->tremolo_partner;
      });
      if (n.source->tremolo_type == "stop" && partner != notes.end()) {
        continue;
      }
      auto x0 = n.stem_x - spacing * 0.5F;
      auto x1 = partner == notes.end() ? n.stem_x + spacing * 0.7F : partner->stem_x;
      if (partner == notes.end() && n.source->tremolo_type == "start") {
        x1 = notation_right_x;
      }
      if (n.source->tremolo_type == "stop") {
        x0 = notation_x;
        x1 = n.stem_x;
      }
      for (auto mark = std::int32_t{}; mark < n.source->tremolo_marks; ++mark) {
        auto y = n.stem_tip_y + (n.stem_up ? 1.0F : -1.0F) * spacing * (1.0F + mark * 0.8F);
        add_stroke_line(layout,
                        vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::TREMOLO,
                        {.x = x0, .y = y + spacing * 0.3F},
                        {.x = x1, .y = y - spacing * 0.3F},
                        spacing * 0.45F,
                        score_ink(),
                        system_index,
                        measure_index,
                        n.note_index);
      }
    }
  }
  for (auto const &note : notes) {
    if (note.hidden || note.rest || note.beamed || !has_flag(note.duration)) {
      continue;
    }
    add_flag(layout, note, spacing, system_index, measure_index);
  }
  for (auto index = std::size_t{}; index < notes.size(); ++index) {
    layout_note_symbols(layout, notes[index], staff_top, spacing, system_index, measure_index);
    auto const &source = *notes[index].source;
    if (source.written.ratio.numerator != source.written.ratio.denominator && source.tuplet_ids.empty() &&
        !source.tremolo_marks && !source.hidden) {
      auto label =
        std::to_string(source.written.ratio.denominator) + ":" + std::to_string(source.written.ratio.numerator);
      if (!source.written.normal_type.empty()) {
        label += " " + source.written.normal_type + std::string(source.written.normal_dots, '.');
      }
      add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::TUPLET, notes[index].x - spacing, notation_top_y - spacing * 1.5F, label, 1, score_ink(), spacing * 9, system_index, measure_index, notes[index].note_index);
    }
    if (notes[index].source != nullptr && !notes[index].hidden && !notes[index].source->lyric.empty()) {
      add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::LYRIC, notes[index].x - spacing, lyrics_y, notes[index].source->lyric, 1, score_muted_ink(), spacing * 8.0F, system_index, measure_index, notes[index].note_index);
    }
    if (!source.lyric_extend.empty() && !source.hidden) {
      auto end = index + 1 < notes.size() ? notes[index + 1].x - spacing : notation_right_x;
      add_stroke_line(layout,
                      vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::LYRIC,
                      {.x = notes[index].x + spacing, .y = lyrics_y + spacing},
                      {.x = end, .y = lyrics_y + spacing},
                      1,
                      score_ink(),
                      system_index,
                      measure_index,
                      notes[index].note_index);
    }
  }
  layout_tuplets(layout, measure, notes, staff_top, spacing, system_index, measure_index);
}

auto draw_layout_item(luma::draw_context &context, vamp_zero::score_layout_item const &item) -> void {
  switch (item.kind) {
  case vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::FILL_RECT:
    context.fill_rect(item.bounds, item.color);
    break;
  case vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::STROKE_RECT:
    context.stroke_rect(item.bounds, item.thickness, item.color);
    break;
  case vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::STROKE_LINE:
    context.stroke_line(item.from, item.to, item.thickness, item.color);
    break;
  case vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::CURVE:
    draw_curve(context, item.from, item.control, item.to, item.thickness, item.color);
    break;
  case vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::GLYPH:
    draw_music_origin(item.codepoint, item.origin, item.staff_spacing, item.color);
    break;
  case vamp_zero::score_layout_item_kind::TEXT: {
    auto style = text_style(item.text_scale);
    style.size *= item.text_size_multiplier;
    style.line_height *= item.text_size_multiplier;
    context.push_clip(item.bounds);
    context.draw_text(item.text, item.origin, style, item.color);
    context.pop_clip();
    break;
  }
  }
}

}

auto vamp_zero::notated_accidentals_for_measure(vamp_zero::score_measure const &measure, std::string_view inherited_key_signature) -> std::vector<vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark> {
  auto state = make_accidental_state(measure.key_signature.empty() ? inherited_key_signature : measure.key_signature);
  if (measure.structured_key) {
    state.key_alterations = measure.key_alterations;
  }
  auto accidentals = std::vector<vamp_zero::score_accidental_mark>{};
  for (auto const &note : measure.notes) {
    for (auto const &a : measure.attributes) {
      if (a.onset.quarters() == note.onset.quarters() && a.key_alterations) {
        state.key_alterations = *a.key_alterations;
        state.measure_alterations.clear();
      }
    }
    auto marks = notated_accidentals_for_note(state, note, note.notehead == "slash");
    accidentals.insert(accidentals.end(), marks.begin(), marks.end());
  }
  return accidentals;
}

auto vamp_zero::score_system_ranges(vamp_zero::score_document const &score) -> std::vector<vamp_zero::score_system_range> {
  return make_score_system_ranges(score);
}

auto vamp_zero::score_page_count(vamp_zero::score_document const &score) -> std::size_t {
  auto ranges = make_score_system_ranges(score);
  return page_starts(score, ranges).size();
}

auto vamp_zero::layout_score_page(luma::rect bounds, vamp_zero::score_document const &score, std::size_t page_index) -> vamp_zero::score_page_layout {
  if (bounds.width != 976.0F || bounds.height != 484.0F || bounds.x != 0 || bounds.y != 0) {
    auto layout = layout_score_page({.x = 0, .y = 0, .width = 976, .height = 484}, score, page_index);
    auto scale = std::min(bounds.width / 976.0F, bounds.height / 484.0F);
    auto ox = bounds.x + (bounds.width - 976 * scale) / 2;
    auto oy = bounds.y + (bounds.height - 484 * scale) / 2;
    auto point = [&](luma::point p) {
      return luma::point{.x = ox + p.x * scale, .y = oy + p.y * scale};
    };
    for (auto &item : layout.items) {
      item.origin = point(item.origin);
      item.from = point(item.from);
      item.to = point(item.to);
      item.control = point(item.control);
      item.bounds = {.x = ox + item.bounds.x * scale,
                     .y = oy + item.bounds.y * scale,
                     .width = item.bounds.width * scale,
                     .height = item.bounds.height * scale};
      item.thickness *= scale;
      item.staff_spacing *= scale;
      item.text_size_multiplier *= scale;
    }
    layout.staff_spacing *= scale;
    layout.bounds = bounds;
    return layout;
  }
  auto layout = vamp_zero::score_page_layout{
    .bounds = bounds,
    .staff_spacing = 12.0F,
  };
  auto const spacing = layout.staff_spacing;
  auto const margin = std::float32_t{28.0F};
  auto const header_y = bounds.y + 14.0F;
  add_fill_rect(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::PAPER, bounds, score_paper());
  add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::TITLE, bounds.x + margin, header_y, score.title, 3, score_ink(), bounds.width * 0.55F);
  add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::PART, bounds.x + bounds.width - 220.0F, header_y + 2.0F, score.part, 3, score_accent_ink(), 190.0F);
  add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::COMPOSER, bounds.x + margin, header_y + 34.0F, score.composer, 1, score_muted_ink(), bounds.width * 0.6F);
  add_text(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::PAGE_NUMBER, bounds.x + bounds.width - 122.0F, header_y + 39.0F, "PAGE " + std::to_string(page_index + 1U), 1, score_muted_ink(), 110.0F);
  auto const content_x = bounds.x + margin;
  auto const content_y = bounds.y + 84.0F;
  auto const content_width = std::max<std::float32_t>(spacing * 18.0F, bounds.width - margin * 2.0F);
  auto const system_ranges = make_score_system_ranges(score);
  auto const starts = page_starts(score, system_ranges);
  auto const first_system = page_index < starts.size() ? starts[page_index] : system_ranges.size();
  auto const last_system = page_index + 1 < starts.size() ? starts[page_index + 1] : system_ranges.size();
  auto note_refs = std::vector<laid_out_note_ref>{};
  auto measure_refs = std::vector<laid_out_measure_ref>{};
  auto system_y = content_y;
  for (auto system = std::size_t{}; system < last_system - first_system; ++system) {
    auto const range_index = first_system + system;
    auto const *range = range_index < system_ranges.size() ? &system_ranges[range_index] : nullptr;
    auto const *first_system_measure = range != nullptr && range->first_measure < score.measures.size()
                                         ? &score.measures[range->first_measure]
                                         : nullptr;
    auto metrics = metrics_for(score, *range);
    auto system_height = std::min(376.0F, metrics.height());
    auto spacing = std::min(12.0F, system_height / (metrics.above + metrics.below));
    auto const staff_top = system_y + spacing * metrics.above;
    layout_staff(layout, content_x, staff_top, content_width, spacing, system);
    auto const show_time =
      range == nullptr ? page_index == 0U && system == 0U : show_time_signature_for_system(score, *range);
    auto const measure_start_x = layout_system_preamble(layout, score, first_system_measure, content_x, staff_top, spacing, show_time, system, range ? range->first_note : 0);
    auto const measure_area_width =
      std::max<std::float32_t>(spacing * 12.0F, content_x + content_width - measure_start_x);
    if (range == nullptr || range->measure_count == 0U) {
      continue;
    }
    auto total_width = 0.0F;
    for (auto i = std::size_t{}; i < range->measure_count; ++i) {
      total_width += measure_width(score.measures[range->first_measure + i]);
    }
    auto x = measure_start_x;
    for (auto measure = std::size_t{}; measure < range->measure_count; ++measure) {
      auto const measure_index = range->first_measure + measure;
      auto const width = measure_area_width * measure_width(score.measures[measure_index]) / total_width;
      if (measure_index < score.measures.size()) {
        layout_measure(layout,
                       score,
                       score.measures[measure_index],
                       {.x = x, .y = system_y, .width = width, .height = system_height},
                       measure_index + 1U,
                       system,
                       measure_index,
                       staff_top,
                       spacing,
                       note_refs,
                       measure_refs,
                       range->first_note,
                       range->note_count);
      }
      auto const bar_x = x + width;
      x += width;
      if (range->first_note +
            std::min(range->note_count, score.measures[measure_index].notes.size() - range->first_note) <
          score.measures[measure_index].notes.size()) {
        continue;
      }
      auto const final_bar =
        score.measures[measure_index].right_barline == "light-heavy" || measure_index + 1U >= score.measures.size();
      add_stroke_line(layout,
                      final_bar ? vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::FINAL_BARLINE : vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::BARLINE,
                      {.x = bar_x, .y = staff_top},
                      {.x = bar_x, .y = staff_top + spacing * 4.0F},
                      at_least_one_pixel(scaled(final_bar ? thick_barline_thickness_spaces : thin_barline_thickness_spaces, spacing)),
                      score_ink(),
                      system,
                      measure_index);
    }
    system_y += system_height;
  }
  layout_page_ties(layout, score, note_refs, measure_refs, spacing);
  add_stroke_rect(layout, vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::BORDER, bounds, 1.1F, score_border());
  return layout;
}

auto vamp_zero::draw_score_page(luma::draw_context &context, luma::rect bounds, vamp_zero::score_document const &score, std::size_t page_index) -> void {
  auto layout = vamp_zero::layout_score_page(bounds, score, page_index);
  vamp_zero::draw_score_layout(context, layout);
}

auto vamp_zero::draw_score_layout(luma::draw_context &context, vamp_zero::score_page_layout const &layout) -> void {
  auto bounds = layout.bounds;
  for (auto const &item : layout.items) {
    if (item.role == vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::PAPER) {
      draw_layout_item(context, item);
    }
  }
  context.push_clip(bounds);
  for (auto const &item : layout.items) {
    if (item.role != vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::PAPER &&
        item.role != vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::BORDER) {
      draw_layout_item(context, item);
    }
  }
  context.pop_clip();
  for (auto const &item : layout.items) {
    if (item.role == vamp_zero::score_layout_item_role::BORDER) {
      draw_layout_item(context, item);
    }
  }
}