from __future__ import annotations

import dataclasses
import fractions
import typing

import generator.harmony
import generator.model
import generator.pitch

STANDARD_TUNING = ((6, 40), (5, 45), (4, 50), (3, 55), (2, 59), (1, 64))
MIN_FRET = 1
MAX_FRET = 20
MAX_SINGLE_FRET = 12
MAX_FRET_SPAN = 3
MAX_ANCHOR_FRET = 12
WRITTEN_GUITAR_OCTAVE_OFFSET = 12

class TabPosition(typing.NamedTuple):
  string_number: int
  fret: int
  midi: int

def within_fret_span(positions) -> bool:
  """Count occupied fret positions inclusively: frets 1-3 fit, 1-4 do not."""
  frets = [position.fret for position in positions]
  return not frets or max(frets) - min(frets) + 1 <= MAX_FRET_SPAN

def has_fret_anchor(positions) -> bool:
  return any(MIN_FRET <= position.fret <= MAX_ANCHOR_FRET for position in positions)

def positions_for_pitch(midi: fractions.Fraction) -> tuple[TabPosition, ...]:
  if midi.denominator != 1:
    return ()
  return tuple(TabPosition(string, int(midi - open_midi), int(midi)) for string, open_midi in STANDARD_TUNING if MIN_FRET <= midi - open_midi <= MAX_FRET)

def single_positions_for_pitch(midi: fractions.Fraction) -> tuple[TabPosition, ...]:
  return tuple(p for p in positions_for_pitch(midi) if p.fret <= MAX_SINGLE_FRET)

def single_register(register: tuple[int, int]) -> tuple[int, int]:
  return max(register[0], min(p + MIN_FRET for _, p in STANDARD_TUNING)), min(register[1], max(p + MAX_SINGLE_FRET for _, p in STANDARD_TUNING))

def playable_attack(tones) -> bool:
  """Check a played note/chord, including tails after shorter tones release.

  Each item is a (position, sounding duration) pair. Independent parts and
  unsounded members of an underlying grip cannot supply the chord's anchor.
  """
  tones = tuple(tones)
  for time in {0, *(duration for _, duration in tones if duration > 0)}:
    positions = tuple(p for p, duration in tones if duration > time or time == duration == 0)
    if not positions:
      continue
    if any(p not in positions_for_pitch(fractions.Fraction(p.midi)) for p in positions) or len({p.string_number for p in positions}) != len(positions) or not within_fret_span(positions):
      return False
    if len(positions) == 1:
      if positions[0].fret > MAX_SINGLE_FRET:
        return False
    elif not has_fret_anchor(positions):
      return False
  return True

def validate_document(document: dict) -> None:
  """Validate generated guitar policy separately from the score wire format."""
  for staff in document['staves']:
    if not staff.get('tablature'):
      continue
    for measure in staff['measures']:
      for voice in measure['voices']:
        for note in voice['notes']:
          tones = []
          for pitch in note['pitches']:
            tab = pitch['tablature']
            position = TabPosition(tab['string'], tab['fret'], dict(STANDARD_TUNING)[tab['string']] + tab['fret'])
            tones.append((position, generator.model.fraction(pitch['duration'])))
          if not playable_attack(tones):
            raise ValueError(f'{measure["id"]}, event {note["id"]}: single notes require frets {MIN_FRET}-{MAX_SINGLE_FRET}; each sounding chord requires an anchor in {MIN_FRET}-{MAX_ANCHOR_FRET} and at most {MAX_FRET_SPAN} consecutive fret positions, including held/tied tails')

def validate_tuning(state: dict, location: str) -> None:
  details = state['staff_details']
  if details.get('capo', 0):
    raise ValueError(f'{location}: guitar generation does not support capo configurations')
  tunings = details.get('tunings', [])
  expected = {7 - string: midi for string, midi in STANDARD_TUNING}
  if tunings and (len(tunings) != 6 or {t['line']: generator.model.pitch_number(t) for t in tunings} != expected):
    raise ValueError(f'{location}: guitar generation requires standard six-string tuning')

@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
class ChordRequirements:
  required: tuple[int, ...] = ()
  allowed: tuple[int, ...] = ()
  foundation: tuple[int, ...] = ()
  basses: tuple[int, ...] = ()
  def covers(self, classes: set[int]) -> bool:
    return set(self.required) <= classes and bool(set(self.foundation) & classes)

def chord_requirements(definition: dict, *, respect_bass: bool = True) -> ChordRequirements:
  degrees = generator.harmony.degrees(definition)
  root = definition['root']
  root_pc = generator.model.NATURAL[root['letter']] + generator.model.alteration(root['alter'])
  explicit = {d['value'] for d in definition.get('degrees', []) if d['type'] != 'subtract'}
  optional = {d for d, a in degrees.items() if not a and d not in explicit and d in (9, 11) and d < max(degrees)}
  classes = {d: (root_pc + generator.harmony.degree_semitones(d, a)) % 12 for d, a in degrees.items()}
  required = {value for d, value in classes.items() if d not in optional and (d not in (1, 5) or degrees[d])}
  allowed = set(classes.values())
  foundation = {value for d, value in classes.items() if d in (1, 5)}
  if not foundation:
    raise ValueError('generated guitar chords require a root or fifth in the harmony')
  bass = definition.get('bass')
  bass_pc = (generator.model.NATURAL[bass['letter']] + generator.model.alteration(bass['alter'])) % 12 if bass else None
  if bass_pc is None and 'inversion' in definition:
    ordered = sorted(degrees)
    inversion = definition['inversion']
    if not 0 <= inversion < len(ordered):
      raise ValueError('harmony inversion exceeds its chord degrees')
    bass_pc = classes[ordered[inversion]]
  if not respect_bass:
    bass_pc = None
  if bass_pc is not None:
    allowed.add(bass_pc)
    required.add(bass_pc)
  basses = {bass_pc} if bass_pc is not None else set()
  return ChordRequirements(tuple(sorted(required)), tuple(sorted(allowed)), tuple(sorted(foundation)), tuple(sorted(basses)))

def chord_pitches(definition: dict, positions: tuple[TabPosition, ...]) -> list[dict]:
  spellings = {}
  for degree, alter in generator.harmony.degrees(definition).items():
    value = generator.pitch.shift_pitch(definition['root'], degree - 1, generator.harmony.degree_semitones(degree, alter))
    spellings[(generator.model.NATURAL[value['letter']] + generator.model.alteration(value['alter'])) % 12] = value
  if bass := definition.get('bass'):
    spellings[(generator.model.NATURAL[bass['letter']] + generator.model.alteration(bass['alter'])) % 12] = bass
  result = []
  for position in sorted(positions, key=lambda p: p.midi):
    value = spellings[position.midi % 12].copy()
    value['octave'] = int((position.midi + WRITTEN_GUITAR_OCTAVE_OFFSET - generator.model.NATURAL[value['letter']] - generator.model.alteration(value['alter'])) // 12 - 1)
    value['tablature'] = {'string': position.string_number, 'fret': position.fret}
    result.append(value)
  return result